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a research Urgency

Ethnic revival surveyed as one of the basic lines of development of mankind in the XXI-st century. In similarity of historical destinies, a way of life and ethnic consciousness of the people of polyethnic regions powerful bases for peace, tolerant coexistence and mutual development are put in pawn.
The modern society is characterised integrativnymi by processes, interaction of different ethnoses and kinds of human activity that predetermines also new problems in an education sphere.

In territory of Russia there are historically developed polyethnic regions where centuries there lived representatives of different ethnic groups (the Volga region, republics of the North Caucasus, the Krasnodar and Stavropol edges, etc.), and also regions which border on the several states (including the Pskov area). The people living in these regions can be surveyed as uniform system of ethnic groups, as polyethnic and certain nadetnichesky a socially-psychological phenomenon. Revival of ethnocultures becomes the force, giving the chance to sustain the crisis of originality generated by globalisation.

There are following problems and contradictions:

1. Each ethnic generality has a unique ethnoconsciousness, ethnic identity and ethnomentality. The ethnos accumulates in itself experience of a life, culture and a life of previous generations, i.e. each ethnos has the potential – force mental, socially-psychological and etnoakmeologicheskogo reflexion and creation. However there are no specially organised institutes of research and development of ethnic potential.

2. The problem of ethnic cooperation and interethnic conflicts concerns number of permanent problems of Russia as multinational and polyethnic state. In the decision of a problem of ethnic relations the huge resource is put in pawn in educational programs of purposeful development polyethnic kompetetsii as readiness and ability to harmonious ethnic interaction, however in the present there is no uniform concept of development of polyethnic competence and kopetentsii.

3. Modern psychology and pedagogics, facing the contradiction between universalizatsiej formations and intensifying etnizatsii, are not ready to offer subjects of formation of peer conditions in satisfaction of ethnoeducational interests and requirements. In modern formation the intolerance and violence cases bound to national and religious hostility, the mutual intolerant relation and ethnic egoism are shown. In educational practice there are no effective educational programs of training of the person in the spirit of polietnichnosti, tolerances, respect of the rights and freedom of other people.

4. In the Law of the Russian Federation «About formation» one of the major principles is the principle of protection by an education system of national cultures, traditions in the conditions of the multinational state. Before an education system the state puts problems of revival of cultural potential of each ethnos and its conservation by means of an education system, orientations of the maintenance of formation to conservation and development of ethnic traditions in the course of teaching and educational activity of establishments of formation. However orientation of modern formation to world experience, instead of to national, ethnic and cultural achievements, can lead to disappearance of ethnic specificity and brake development of natural potentials of the population.


5. There are obvious contradictions between obvious, defining influence of ethnic potential on socialisation of the person of the child and uncertainty of educational conditions of optimum development and use of this potential in harmonious development of the person; between necessity of purposeful polyethnic support of subjects of formation and unavailability of teachers to the decision of the given problems, insufficiency of the educational programs optimising ethnic potential.

6. In the present quantity of interethnic misunderstanding all accrues, and the practical decision in new forms of preventive maintenance does not exist. The decision of a problem of formation and development of subjects of polyethnic formation is absent in modern educational medium, are absent psihologo-akmeologicheskie the programs referred on disclosing of ethnic potential and its development as one of the major conditions and factors of harmonious development of the person.

The urgency of the given research is determined by necessity of creation akmeologicheskoj concepts of formation and development of polyethnic competence by agents etnoakmeologii the formations, leaning against polyethnic potential of subjects of formation. Orientation to development etnoakmeologii formations as new scientific direction akmeologii is given in V.P.Branskogo, A.A.Derkacha, N.V.Kuzminoj, P.A.Sorokin's works.

etnoakmeologija formations as the new direction akmeologii develops on the basis of the theory akmeologii (B.G.Ananev, A.A.Derkach, N.V.Kuzmin), akmeologii managements (A.A.Derkach), the psychological theory of activity (A.N.Leontev, P.J.Galperin), on the theory of development and formation of mentality of the child in the course of interaction with medium (V.I.Slobodchikov); researches by personally focused formation (V.G.Aseev, E.V.Bondarevsky, h.p. Vygotsky, V.I.Danilchuk, V.V. Serikov, V.D.Shadrikov, I.S.Jakimanskaja); on social synergetrics and the theory of the nations (V.P.Bransky), on the concept about a parity national and universal in sotsiokulturnoj society lives; philosophical both ethnographic researches and ethnologic theories (T.I.Gerasimenko, A.G.Manakov, G.E.Markov, V.V. Pimenov, A.P.Sadohin, T.G.Grushevitsky); modern theories of ethnos and ethnic development (S.A.Arutyunov, V.P.Bransky, L.N.Gumilev, Gachev, E.S.Markarjan, JU.P.Platon, L.G.pochebut, P.A.Sorokin, N.N.Cheboksarov, M.Mid); on the concept of use of national experience in development of children (N.T.Bitkeev, G.N.Volkov, A.S.Gashimov, A.E.Izmaylov, O.D.Mukaeva, S.I.Fomina, etc.).

In a basis akmeologicheskoj concepts of formation and development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation there is an idea of improvement of quality of process and result of modern formation through development of professionalism of the person (K.A.abulhanova, L.V.Abdalina, A.A.Bodalev, A.A.Derkach, V.G.Zazykin, N.V.Kuzmin, M.A.Manojlova, E.V.Selezneva, V.N.Sofina, L.V.Temnova, etc.) agents etnoakmeologii formations.

The Akmeologichesky concept of formation and development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation includes complex teoretiko-empirical research of all subjects of formation (pupils, parents, experts of formation and students, the future experts of formation); surveys the person as the person in its ethnic originality, as subject of activity, dialogue, knowledge and work. The person as the subject of polyethnic educational medium possesses ethnopotential: ethnic identity, ethnic tolerance, valuable orientations, individually-personal and cultural-kognitivnymi features, and also experience of polyethnic interaction.

Ethnic tolerance – the socially-psychological characteristic which is shown in ability and readiness for interaction with etnoforami. The problem of interethnic tolerance is activly studied by many researchers at Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (A.A.Gusejnov, V.A.Lektorsky), in Uralsk MYONUM (M.B.Homjakov), at Institute of sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (L.M.Drobizheva) and mn.dr. The maintenance of concept of ethnic tolerance (A.G.Asmolov, B.Rierdon, E.Kitashov, V.A.Lektorsky, G.U.Soldatova, etc.) is developed Signs and implications of ethnic tolerance (G.S.Kozhuhar, M.A.Manojlova, Peter P.Nicholson, B.Rierdon) are investigated. Ethnic tolerance is surveyed as difficult adjusting formation of the person (M.S.Mirimanova, E.I.Shljagina, L.D.Tsitsjursky), the valuable relation to people (V.V. Kochetkov, A.V.Nikolsky, L.I.Semin). Researches of ethnic tolerance are carried out in relations etnoforov (JU.V.Arutyunyan, A.G.Asmolov, V.V. Bojko, L.M.Drobizheva, D.N.Klokov, V.G.Krysko G.V.Palatkina, JU.P.Platon, L.G.pochebut, L.M.Romanenko, P.V.Stepanova, T.G.Stefanenko), also ethnic tolerance investigate in pedagogical interaction (M.P.Barhota, B.Z.Woolf, V.N.Gurov, V.N.Galjapina, O.I.Eremenko, E.J.Kleptsova, A.T.Kinkulkin, M.A.Manojlova, N.V.Morozov).

Ethnic tolerance – the akme-form of polyethnic competence. A psychological resource of development of ethnic tolerance is the emotional intelligence. Ethnic tolerance can be developed agents of polyethnic educational medium.

Polyethnic medium – coexistence of two or more ethnic subjects/groups in one community which enter dialogue and interaction. Polyethnic educational medium – a part of educational medium as a whole which is framed for development of polyethnic competence of subjects. The polyethnic educational medium optimises formation and development of ethnic identity and ethnotolerance, prepares subjects for understanding of representatives of other ethnoses, acceptance of an ethnic variety as for a reality.

Polyethnic competence is based on knowledge of ethnoses and experience of polyethnic interaction, assumes tolerance between etnoforami. A basis of development of polyethnic competence is positive ethnic identity as a basis of ethnic tolerance, and emotional intelligence as a resource of ethnic tolerance.

For development of polyethnic competence in experts and students it is necessary: 1) research of social requirement for experts with the developed polyethnic competence (pupils, parents); 2) diagnostics of an existing level of development of polyethnic competence (teachers, students, the future experts of formation); 3) knowledge akmeologicheskih conditions and factors of development of polyethnic competence as social value; 4) author's akmeologicheskie agents of development of polyethnic competence.

The research objective consists in working out akmeologicheskoj concepts of formation and development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation, as basis for a substantiation of a new direction akmeologii – etnoakmeologii formations.

Object of research – polyethnic competence of subjects of formation (pupils initial and high school, parents, students of higher educational institutions, experts of formation).

Object of research – conditions and agents of development of polyethnic competence of experts of formation and students, the future experts of formation. To conditions we will carry significant circumstances on which achievement of a high level of development of polyethnic competence depends, and to agents - akmeologicheskie programs and trainings, the subject matters referred on achievement of tops in professional work.

Research hypotheses:

1. The Akmeologichesky concept of formation and development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation is based on development principles, sravnitelnosti, a determinism, humanism, dejatelnostnogo the approach, persons proving professional competence of polyethnic medium.

2. Polyethnic competence of the expert of formation represents the difficult phenomenon having flexible structure, varying depending on concrete medium; it includes differentsialno-psychological, socially-psychological, autopsihologicheskuju, akmeologicheskuju, special, etnokulturno-stereotypic, emotionally-strong-willed competence, each of which consists of cultural-kognitivnogo, individually-personal and behavioural components of the person.

3. Development of polyethnic competence of the future experts in high school can be carried out by application of the author's educational programs referred on development of ethnoidentity, ethnoconsciousness and the ethnotolerances providing development of polyethnic competence as a whole.

4. Akmeologichesky author's programs of development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation will promote formation and development of integrated polyethnic educational medium, if:

- The ethnic potential, as result of ethnic consciousness, ethnic identity and ethnotolerance, and also age and dejatelnostnye features of subjects will be considered;

- Will be used akmeologicheskie programs in a complex and concerning all subjects of formation;

- Will join active socially-psychological and akmeologicheskie the trainings optimising comprehension of ethnic identity, ethnoconsciousness and ethnotolerance development;

- Monitoring of an estimation of quality of process and quality of result of polyethnic formation will be periodically carried out.

Research problems:

1. To define the maintenance of polyethnic competence, and to prove author's system of activity on formation and development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation.

2. To carry out the ethnopotential analysis (ethnotolerances, ethnotendencies, satisfaction educational medium) pupils of a comprehensive school (an initial, average and senior link of training) and their parents of different nationalities for a substantiation of social requirement for experts with the developed polyethnic competence.

3. To carry out the comparative analysis of a level of development of polyethnic competence of experts of formation and students of different nationalities (Russian, Byelorussians, Latvians and Estonians); to define specificity of development of emotional intelligence of experts of formation and students as resource of development of polyethnic competence.

4. To develop and introduce in activity of municipal educational institution: a scientifically-practical platform «Polyethnic competence of an elementary school» and akmeologicheskie programs «Ethnic tolerance of the younger schoolboy», «Ethnic tolerance of the teenager», «Ethnic tolerance of parents» for the purpose of optimisation of development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation.

5. To develop and introduce the passport of the polyethnic competence for students GOU VPO and to realise its demands in a subject matter, akmeologicheskih programs and trainings.

6. To carry out the analysis of a problem of loss of polyethnic competence of modern high school formation in connection with transition to the European model of training, and to develop the project of perfection of quality akmeologicheskoj preparations of the future experts of formation.

7. To develop akmeologicheskuju the concept of formation and development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation, as an empiriko-theoretical substantiation of a new scientific direction akmeologii – etnoakmeologii formations.

Methodological base of research are:

- The subject approach (S.L.Rubinshtejn, K.A.abulhanova, A.V.Brushlinsky, V.V. Znakov, S.P.Ivanov, E.JU.Korzhov, E.A.Sergienko);

- Theories of socialisation and socially-psychological development of the person (K.A.abulhanova, G.M.Andreeva, V.G.Aseev, S.A.Belicheva, M.R.Bitjanova, L.I.Bozhovich, A.L.Zhuravlyov, G.Krajg, A.N.Leontev, V.S.Muhina, N.N.transport, T.Shibutani);

- Theories of polycultural formation (A.Tojnbi, E.Mailer, N.Danilevsky, J.Jakovets, L.Gurlitt, F.Gansberg, G.Sharrelman), theories of philosophy of formation (S.V.Devjatova, V.I.Kuptsov, N.R.Sidorov), akmeologii professionalism (V.G.Aseev, A.A.Derkach, V.G.Zazykin, N.V.Kuzmin), akmeologii formations (N.V.Kuzmin, E.A.Maksimova, M.A.Manojlova, N.M.poletaeva), designing theories national - regional educational systems on the basis of a principle ethnocultural konnotatsii (A.B.Pankin), formation theories of "an image of the world» (S.D.Smirnov);

- Theories of ethnologic features of the person of the subject, developed in personal - the focused formation (E.V.Bondarevsky, V.I.Danilchuk, V.V. Serikov, V.D.Shadrikov, I.S.Jakimansky), ethnopsychology (JU.P.Platon, L.G.pochebut, T.G.Stefanenko, V.G.Krysko), social synergetrics and the theory of the nations (V.P.Bransky), the concept about a parity national and universal in sotsiokulturnoj society lives; philosophical both ethnographic researches and ethnologic theories; modern theories of ethnos and ethnic development, anthropology (S.A.Arutyunov, L.N.Gumilev, G.Gachev, E.S.Markarjan, L.G.pochebut, P.A.Sorokin, N.N.Cheboksarov, M.Mid, etc.); on the concept of use of national experience in development of children (N.T.Bitkeev, G.N.Volkov, A.S.Gashimov, A.E.Izmaylov, O.D.Mukaeva, S.I.Fomina, etc.);

- kompetentnostnyj the approach in formation (V.I.Bajdenko, V.P.Bezduhov, V.A.Bolotov, T.G.Brazhe, E.F.Zeer, I.A.winter, V.A.Kozyrev, N.V.Kuzmin, E.A.Maksimova, N.F.radionova, J. It is peer, V.V. Serikov, V.N.Sofina, J.G.Tatur, A.V.farm and dr);

- Structurally-system and structurally functional approaches to the person and activity (K.A.abulhanova, B.G.Ananev, S.I.Arkhangelsk, N.I.Bondarenko, J.M.Zabrodin, A.G.Kovalev, N.V.Kuzmin, A.N.Leontev, B.F.Lomov, A.L.Sventsitsky, V.N.Sofina, G.V.Suhodolsky, V.A.Jadov, V.A.Yakunin, etc.);

- Theories active socially-psychological and akmeologicheskogo training (I.A.Baeva, JU.N.Yemelyanov, A.Libina, G.I.Marasanov, E.V.Sidorenko, L.V.Petrovsky, N.T.Oganesyan, P.A.Sitnikov);

- Theories of psychology of difficult vital situations and sovladanija with them (L.I.Antsyferova, E.V.Bitjutsky, L.F.Burlachuk, F.E.Vasiljuk, E.JU.Korzhov, E.A.Sergienko).

The general the methodological equipment of an empirical part are: a principle of change of the subject methods socially-psychological and akmeologicheskogo influences; creative activity of the subject leans against an ethnic accessory and preliminary common cultural, general educational, special (on concrete areas of scientific and practical knowledge) and vocational training.
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A source: Manojlova M. A.. Acmeological development of polyethnic competence of subjects of formation. 2011

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