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the Substantiation and the technique description kognitivnogo a choice of a floor of the parent and the child

Using for our research of concept of the Parent and the Child, we will construct a technique kognitivnogo a choice of a floor of the parent and a sex of a child.

As the Parent we will understand an image of the parent or the significant adult which is generated at the adult person as an image the-standard maskulinnosti - femininnosti adults according to model polorolevoj the identification offered by V.L.Sitnikovym (V.L.Sitnikov, 2001).

The image of the Parent is formed of experience of dialogue with the parents. The parent much is able and to much has the right: to learn and edify, punish and pardon, sponsor or leave without support. Therefore the image of the Parent can be careful, kind, or authoritative and malicious.

As speaks E.Bern (E.Bern, 1992, 1994), except model of a role of the parent, this image contains many other stereotypes and the automated forms of behaviour, reflecting traditions, values, norms and rules. The parent on E.Bernu personifies control functions over observance of norms and prescriptions (which the person borrows, it is frequent nekriticheski, throughout a life), and also protection and care. It is the moral sphere of the person focused for an image of the significant Parent as the representative of a certain floor. When we speak about maskulinnosti or femininnosti, i.e.

Some quality inherent to the man or the woman, we mean the general representations most typical for the man or the woman in concrete culture which are acquired by the child in the childhood. As have shown M.I.Lisinoj's works (2001) and its followers, the image of and another is formed at early age in a kind affektivno-kognitivnogo a complex. I.e. already from early age the child acquires cultural differences between the man and the woman. Representations about differences between men and women are resulted, for example, at S.Bern (S.Bern, 2002) both Fajerbraena and Mastersona (Hell, Zigler, 2000). In the western culture it is accepted to use concepts instrumentalnost as the characteristic maskulinnosti and ekspressivnost - femininnosti. Thus instrumentalnost it is understood as orientation of the person to achievement of the purposes and it is characterised by insusceptibility to emotional reaction of associates, and ekspressivnost - in an orientation of interests of the person it is immediate on a situation, interpersonal interaction taking into account emotional reaction of associates.

E.Bern considers the Child as a part of the person containing affective complexes, bound to early children's impressions and experiences which lives in the adult person in the form of an image. From the point of view of E.Berna the Child - pleasure of creativity, charm, ease and internally nothing the limited, free behaviour and, at the same time dependence, necessity to submit

V.L.Sitnikov (V.L.Sitnikov, 2001) under image of the Child understands integrated set of all everyday and scientific representations about the child, a complex of all social equipments on the child, formed in consciousness of the person and staticized in the course of interaction with the child.

The researches spent by V.L.Sitnikovym, show, that an image of the Child, despite its possible variability, has only two most often meeting alternatives: «a direct projection - when the image of the reflected child on the structure is practically identical to the JA-image of the reflecting person; a return projection - when the image of the reflected child on the structure is practically opposite I - to an image of the reflecting person» (V.L.Sitnikov, 2001, с.58).

V.L.Sitnikova's research shows, that the image of the Child depends not so much on object (child), «how many from the subject realising this image.
Variability of an image of the Child depends on many objective and subjective parametres of the subject. Objective parametres are understood as the developed formalized, stable characteristics of the subject producing an image of the child. Subjective parametres include the individually-mental characteristics staticized at the subject during the moment produtsirovanija of an image» (V.L.Sitnikov, 2001, with. 60).

Let's notice, that V.L.Sitnikov understands a social status as objective parametres of the subject in relation to children, a trade, age, the general culture, formation, presence of own children, and under subjective - individually-mental features of the carrier of images, such as its features informative, emotional, motivatsionno - strong-willed sphere, various personal characteristics. It allocates three types of the factors influencing formation of subjective parametres: dialogue in children, dialogue with the adults, bound to the childhood, the activity not bound to children defining development of the person. These groups of factors are formed both in the childhood, and at adult age. Thus the factors generated in the childhood, define the adult period.

Application of model of person E.Berna (connecting to the Parent and the Child also Adult) together with a method simvoldramy (JAL. Butts, 1999) in client practice has shown, that in a condition katatimnogo experiences of images the person represents the Parent, the Adult and the Child the person of a certain floor which depends on features of the detsko-parent relations known from the anamnesis of the client. Thus, it completely corresponds to the results received by V.L.Sitnikovym, i.e. reflects the subject and its children's experience. The analysis of 80 cases from client practice has shown, that the floor defining the Parent and the Child, steadily remains and starts to change only in process of advancement in psychotherapy (E.M.Izhvanova, 2002). The fact of fastness of a floor in components of structure of the person as it follows from practice, speaks about the following:

At the Parent it corresponds to a floor of the real parent, whose equipments and expectations have appeared the most significant and to whose representations needed to correspond most of all;

At the Child - behaviour at the children's age, the most typical for the boy or the girl and inherent to the given person without dependence from its real biological floor.

This approach correlates with data of the anamnesis, projective risunochnoj a technique and results of work with images ideal men and women (E. M.Izhvanova, 2002,

2004).

polorolevaja identity of the person which can be observed in practice with use of two named methods, can have various combinations, characteristic for different egos-conditions. For example, ispytuemaja the woman, 27 years show: the equipments and ways of behaviour of the Parent, adopted from mother, and spontaneous implication of emotions - inherent to the boy. Thus, the given person can show both female, and man's type of behaviour. Thus very important role is played also by representation about by what images of the woman and the man for the given family and a psychological floor of parents are represented. Also it has been established, that the identical floor at all three making structures of the person met extremely seldom.

Thus, in practice have been established steady invarianty implications of egos-conditions in behaviour of clients which corresponded to behaviour of the person of a certain floor, to the parent equipments and expectations of the most significant parent, as a rule, it was mother that is quite natural for sew cultures.

The description of a technique and procedure of processing of results

For our research more simple approach was used: examinees were offered to fill the small table.

For the maximum depression of influence of characteristics of the objects used as prototypes, in instructions examinees are offered to present the typical Parent and the typical Child and to fill the table.



The choice of a floor of the Parent and the Child, thus, is carried out kognitivno.

The given technique allows to define the most significant Parent and representation of the examinee about itself as about the Child of a certain floor. We will notice, that made kognitivno a choice, nevertheless up to the end it is not realised.

Object of the analysis of the results received for each examinee, genders of the Parent and the Child are.

On a parity of man's and female genders following data are analyzed:

1) a gender of the most significant parent (a floor of the Parent);

2) a probable psychological floor of the examinee in the childhood (sex of a child).

If to the table to add columns "Age" and «That does» (it was used at individual diagnostics) informativnost a method raises. In particular, in the indicating of age of the Child the personal problems bound to specified age are often shown. The specified age gives reference points on search of the problems concerning a certain stage of development of the person. The column «That does» also possesses defined informativnostju. For example, if in the column "Parent" the thirty-year examinee of a male specifies "Father", in the column "Age" - «40 years», in the column «That does» - «Cooks porridge», it is possible to speak about atypical for our men performance of a role of the father or its own father, or him. We will notice, that results of testing by the given technique in individual consultation have preliminary character and serve more likely for fast orientation in vital history of the person, than for any serious diagnostic conclusions.

At research on the big sample of examinees of various age and a floor object of an estimation is the floor specified for the Parent and the Child.

For this purpose the matrix is made of the received value on each group of examinees, by dimension 2хп, where 2 - two components of model of the person in which to the made elections of a floor following value are appropriated:

1 - in case of a male choice; 2 - a female; 3 if a floor the man and the woman simultaneously is not defined or specified; p - quantity of examinees in sample.

Then it is defined normalnost the received sample and reliability of the received differences on groups by means of one-factorial variance analysis ANOVA.

The received results show the most significant parents (mother or the father) and the behaviour inherent to the boy or the girl in the childhood, the most typical for each age and gender group, and also change of parities maskulinnosti and femininnosti in the Parent and the Child on age groups and difference in these parities at representatives of both genders.

Further results are compared to characters of images I, Men, the Woman and the Child and types affective making polorolevoj the identity, received by means of a psychosemantic technique.

The given comparison allows to establish presence or absence of communications:

1) between kognitivnym a choice of a floor of the Parent and the Child;

2) between kognitivnym a choice of a floor of the Parent and the Child and emotional character of images of the Man and the Woman;

3) kognitivnym a choice of a floor of the Parent and the Child at the adult person and affective making polorolevoj identity;

4) between a choice of a floor of the Parent and the Child and type affective making polorolevoj identity, and also affective okrashennostju images of the Man, the Woman and the Child.

Communication between kognitivnym a choice of a floor of the Parent and the Child is established by means of the correlation analysis.

By means of the one-factorial variance analysis the coordination of the listed communications listed in points 2)-4) is checked.
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A source: Izhvanova E.M.. Development polorolevoj identity at youthful and mature age. 2004

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