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growth of catfishes and efficacyy of use of a forage.

For analysis results of researches are grouped in tables 13-15 and fig. 7-11. For bolshej graphic presentation at construction nekotoyoryh drawings (8, 9, 10) initial data have been levelled by means of the equations of sedate regression of a kind: Y=A*Xb

One of the basic characteristics of fish-breeding indicators is intensity (speed) of growth of the fishes, defining efficacyy vyrashchiyovanija fishes.

The basic characteristics of intensity of growth by experience variants are presented on fig. 7 and to tab. 13.

_ 1 Variant — 2 Variant

3 Variant

4 Variant

ABOUT 30 58 75 88 104

Days

Fig. 7. Dynamics of change of alive mass of catfishes but to 4 variants of experience.

Apparently from fig. 7, average mass of fish in the initial stage eksperimenyota in 1-58 days was almost identical. Further in the season with 75 for 88 days there were considerable changes in average mass of fishes, sohranivyoshiesja till the end of experiment. The greatest final mass (462г) catfishes dosyotigli in 3 variant with a thermomode, approached to the connatural. neskolyoko fishes more slowly grew in control bunch, by the cultivation end their average mass has compounded 444г. Fish grew In 2 variant of experience where used termoyorezhim anatropic connatural, worse and by the experience end weighed on 8 % less, than fish from the control and on 11 % is less than fish from 3 (best) vayorianta. (379г) catfishes had the lowest final mass in 1 variant opyyota with 2-mja peaks of daily change of temperature.

Table 13

Indicators Variants

Experience

The seasons of days
Daily average gain g/sht 0-30 30-75 75-88 88-104
1 1,33 4,27 4,69 4,07
2 1,47 4,56 6,08 3,63
3 1,63 5,07 5,69 5,31
4 1,50 5,09 1 5,77 4,38
Pure gain g/sht 1 40,00 192,00 61,00 61,00
2 44,00 205,00 79,00 58,00
3 49,00 228,00 74,00 85,00
4 45,00 229,00 75,00 70,00
Quotient

massonakoplenija

(Km)

1 0,109 0,155 0,108 0,082
2 0,117 0,159 0,132 0,069
3 0,127 0,167 0,117 0,095
4 0,119 0,171 0,119 0,079
Relative growth rate in % 1 3,24 3,10 1,65 1,18
2 3,44 3,11 1,97 0,96
3 3,68 3,17 1,70 1,28
4 3,49 3,28 1,74 1,08

Intensity of growth klarievogo a catfish

Growth rate of a catfish in all variants of experience differed neravnomernoyostju: in the first 30 days growth rate was low, that is possible objasyonit the season of acclimatisation of fishes to conditions of experiment (thermomode), makyosimalnaja growth rate has been noted in the season with 30 for 75 days opyyota.

The daily average gain in process of augmentation of average mass of fish also increased. In the first 30 days of experience it variated in limens 1,33 1,63g/pieces Were in the lead on this indicator of fish from 3 and 4 skilled bunches, the minimum gain observed at fishes from 1 skilled bunch. In the season with 30 for 75 days the gain size has strongly increased (to 4,27-5,09г). The greatest and practically identical this indicator was at fishes of 3 and 4 skilled bunches.

The least it remained with fish from 1 bunch. The maximum values of a daily average gain for all experiment have been registered in peyoriod with 75 for 88 days, fastest fish from 2 bunches (6,08 r/sut) at this time grew. High growth rate has remained in 3 and 4 bunches with miniyomalnymi distinctions between them. In the final season of experiment 88-104 days fish from 3 skilled bunches (5,31 g/days) was the absolute leader on a daily average gain. The least gain (3,63 g/days) otyomechen in 2nd variant of experience, fish from 1 and 4 variants on this indicator

Occupied mediate position.

As to relative growth rate this indicator, on meyore augmentations of mass of fish, decreased, its maximum values were otyomecheny in the first 30 days of experiment - 3,24-3,68 %, minimum znacheyonija registered at the final stage of experience - of 0,96-1,28 % (rice 8).

1 Variant

2 Variant

3 Variant

4 Variant

25 100 200 300 400 500

Mass of

Fig. 8 Dynamics of change of relative growth rate

Apparently from fig. 8, the greatest relative growth rate was at fish from 3 skilled bunches, the least values of an indicator are noted at fish from 1 variant of experience.

Analysis of growth rate of fish on quotient massonakoplenija pokayozyvaet, that all skilled ірупн has fallen to the maximum growth of fish peyoriod with 30 for 75 days (0,155 0,171). In the adaptable season (the first 30 suyotok experiment) value of Km were less (0,109 - 0,127), however, miniyomalnye values of this indicator are noted in the end of experiment and sostayovili less than 0,1 (0,069 - 0,095). On an indicator of Km fish from 3 skilled bunches is stable was in the lead, the least this indicator was in 1 bunch. poluchenyonaja during experience the Km size (0,124 - 0,138) testifies about high on -

tsntsialnyh growth possibilities klarievogo a catfish. It surpasses in this indicator as kinds traditional for domestic aquiculture (foyorel, sturgeon), and new objects (the eel, tiljapija, a channel catfish).

Intensity of growth of fishes is closely bound to efficacyy of use of a forage. Indicators of a daily ration and the expenses of a forage characterising efficacyy of use of a forage by variants of experience, are presented in

Tab. 14.

Efficacyy of use of a forage

Table 14

Indicators Variants

Experience

The seasons of days
Size of a daily ration in % 0-30 30-75 75-88 88-104
1 2,2 2,34 1,56 1,28
2 2,36 2,31 2,12 0,67
3 2,09 2,04 1,43 1,40
4 2,39 2,39 1,64 1,08
Expenses

Forage

Kg/kg.

1 0,75 0,89 0,96 1,10
2 0,76 0,89 U0 1,22
3 0,63 0,76 0,85 1,10
4 0,76 0,88 0,96 1> 14

Apparently from table 14, consumption of a forage by fish throughout all experiment is essential variated: maximum it was in first half of experience - with 1 for 75 days (2,04 - 2,39 % from body mass), on a measure dalyonejshego growth of fish the size of rations gradually decreased to 0,67-1,4 % from body mass. The maximum consumption of a forage is noted at fish from the second skilled bunch (fig. 9). The least alimentary activity is registered at fish from 3 skilled bunches (2,09 - 1,4 % from body mass). Catfishes from 1 and 4

Skilled bunches have shown about identical alimentary activity and zanjayoli but to this indicator mediate position between fishes from 1 and 3

Skilled bunches.

I Variant — 2 Variant

3 Variant

4 Variant

25 100 200 300 400 500

Mass of fish

Fig. 9 Dynamics of change of daily consumption of a forage in % from body mass

Supervision over behaviour of catfishes during feeding have shown, that for them is characteristic bysgroe saturation (within 5 minutes) with the subsequent abandoning of a forage. It is possible to explain fast saturation by presence at these fishes of the educed stomach which mechanical filling serves as a signal to the food termination. Under data available in the literature for klarieyovogo a catfish accurately expressed alimentary hierarchy is characteristic, however, ispolyozuemaja us the high density of alighting of fish completely depressed it, i.e. fishes ate simultaneously.

Efficacyy of use of a forage in process of growth of catfishes decreased in all skilled bunches, the minimum value of this indicator 0,63 - 0,76 kg/kg of a gain is noted in the first 30 days of experiment, further zayotraty forages constantly increased, and at the final stage sostaviyoli 1,1 - 1,22 kg/kg. Most effectively used a forage catfishes, vyrashchiyovaemye at the temperature mode close to natural (3 variant), is most worse used a given forage of fish from 3 skilled bunches. In 1 and 4 variants mediate values (fig. 10) have been received.

1,3

_ I Variant - 2 Variant

3 Variant

4 Variant

0,5 —

0,4-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

20 40 60 80 100 120

Days of experience

Fig. 10 Dynamics of expenses of a forage by 4 variants of experience.

The received sizes of expenses of forages for all season of cultivation (0,83 - 0,97 kg/kg) testify that klarievyj the catfish uses forages in comparison with such objects of fish culture as osetyorovye, eels, tiljapija more effectively, a channel catfish, a carp. In our opinion low cortexes -

mozatraty are in many respects connected by that the catfish is the least mobile fish in comparison with other objects of aquiculture and consequently, spends energy for a routine exchange (103) less.

The basic fish-breeding indicators characterising efficacyy of cultivation klarievogo of a catfish in UZV by variants of experience are shown in tab. 15.

Tab. 15

The basic fish-breeding indicators of cultivation

klarievogo a catfish in UZV.

Indicators Experience variants
1 2 3* 4 (kontool) *
Final mass, g 379±5 411=1=8 462±6 444±6
Forage expenses, kg/kg 0,92 0,97 0,83 0,93
Production exit, kg/m3 74,3 72,5 90,4 83,5
Survival rate of % 98 88 98 94
Daily ration in %

From body mass

1,77 1,86 1,59 1,79
Quotient massonakop - lenija (Km) 0,124 0,130 0,138 0,135

3 and 4* Difference is authentic at R

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A source: Kovalyov Konstantin Viktorovich. Technological aspects of growing catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in a hatchery with closed-loop water supply (UZV). Thesis for the degree of candidate of agricultural sciences. Moscow - 2006.

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