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INTRODUCTION

the Urgency of a theme of research. At the present stage developments of economy of Russia the motor transport is a key element of all transport system and plays the major role in maintenance of economic growth and social development of the state.

the Balanced and harmonious development of economy and social sphere of the state is in many respects defined by productivity of labour potential that is supplied through its mobility and stipulates necessity of advancing development of a public automobile passenger transport which supplies carriage more than 45 % of passengers in Russia.

Experience of the developed countries shows, that the state transport policy should be aimed at primary development of public motor transport in comparison with individual transport in a kind of growth of level of automobilization, reduction of throughput of highways, aggravations of power problems and aggravation of an ecological situation as a whole.

the passenger motor transport of the general use supplies equal availability of transportation services to all categories of passengers that defines a social orientation of the purposes of its functioning, dotatsionnye principles and working conditions.

development of passenger motor transport of the general use of Russia at the present stage is characterised by reforming of the mechanism of its financing. However, despite the general improvement of an economic situation in Russia, the share of unprofitable transport agencies following the results of the first half of the year 2006 has made 67,2 %. Tendencies of decrease in volumes of state financing of public motor transport, reduction of volumes of conveyances of passengers, structure aggravations

are thus observed 5 rolling stocks of the enterprises; there is unsolved a number of problems of financial, organizational and legal character.

the market grouping of passenger carriages, occurrence of carriers of various organizational-legal forms, reduction of public sector for the purpose of stimulation of development of a competitiveness stipulates necessity of the structural transformations directed on improvement of quality of transportation services, decrease in travelling costs, increase of competitiveness of the enterprises of passenger motor transport and their appeal as spheres of business and investments, optimisation of the mechanism of the state support of a public passenger transport from local governments, subjects of the Russian Federation and federal government bodies.

In these conditions one of the important factors of strengthening of financial circumstances of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use is perfection of forms and methods of its financing, as defines an urgency of a theme of dissertational research.

degree of a level of scrutiny of a problem. Theoretical and methodical questions of financing of government facilities of passenger motor transport of the general use in modern economy of Russia are insufficiently developed.

the general questions of financing of the enterprises, including financing of the unprofitable enterprises for the purpose of their financial improvement, an estimation of efficiency of investments are reflected in I.A.form, A.Z.Bobylevoj, V.V. Bocharova, A.V.Vorontsovsky, O.V.Goncharuk's works, B.C. Kivachuk, M.I.Knysha, J.S.Melkumova, V.P.Popkov, V.P.Semenova, A.V.

The Snegiryov, G.A.Sazonovoj, N.P.Harchenko, D.V.Shopenko, etc.

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Specificity of transport, a problem of the theory and practice of management by transport as a whole are reflected in A.G.Budrina, E.V.Budrinoj, P.P.Volodkina, M.G.Grigoryan, O.V.Goncharuk, L.I.Koloskovoj, N.V.Kolchinoj, G.A.Kononovoj, N.V.Naphonenko, V.N.Parahinoj, I.S.Turevsky's works, etc. Highly specialised works on research of problems of public passenger motor transport are presented by such authors as V.M.Buneev, A.K.Gluhov, V.V. Gluhov, A.V.Gubenko, J.K.Mihajlov, V.A.Persianov, and basically reflect regional aspect and foreign experience of functioning of the passenger motor transportation enterprises.

at the same time, have not received sufficient study the questions connected with features of the finance of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of region, definition of effective forms and methods of their financing in modern conditions, as defines a choice of the purpose and problems of dissertational research.

the Purpose and problems of dissertational research. The purpose of dissertational research is working out and a scientific substantiation of methodical positions and practical recommendations about perfection of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport.

for achievement of the indicated purpose following problems have been delivered and solved:

tendencies and problems of development of public passenger motor transport of Russia are revealed;

domestic and foreign experience of the organisation and financing of activity of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use is generalised;

theoretical and methodical approaches to disclosing of essence and features of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use are reasonable;

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methodical positions according to efficiency of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use are developed;

directions and recommendations about perfection of forms and methods of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use are defined.

as an object of research in dissertational work financially-organizational relations in sphere of passenger motor transport of the general use act.

object of research in dissertational work are the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use.

the Theoretical and methodological basis of dissertational research was made by works of domestic and foreign scientists and the experts, devoted to organizational, legal and economic problems of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use, and also the works of methodical and practical character connected with various aspects of the investigated problem. In the course of research have been used legislative and the normative statements regulating activity of the passenger motor transportation enterprises. Methods of statistical researches, methods of classifications, the structural analysis, the system approach, generalisation and ordering were applied to the decision of tasks in view.

scientific novelty of results of dissertational work consists in the following:

features and the basic directions of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use on the basis of organizational and economic features of the branch which account has allowed to specify concept of financing of the passenger motor transportation enterprises are revealed and to develop stages of their financing,

8 directed on increase of efficiency of financing of public passenger motor transport;

principles of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport are specified and systematised, their contents is opened;

the generalised classification of forms and methods of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport is offered, dignities, defects and borders of their application are defined;

methodical positions according to efficiency of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport are developed: factors and the risks influencing financing are systematised, indicators of an estimation of efficiency are offered;

directions and recommendations about perfection of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport are developed.

the Practical importance of results of dissertational research consists that methodical positions, practical recommendations and the conclusions stated in work, can be used financial services of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use, and also the state government bodies and local governments by working out of actions for increase of efficiency of financing of the enterprises of a public passenger transport with the purposes of their financial improvement.

the approaches developed in work, offers and the drawn conclusions have been applied at an estimation of efficiency of financing of current and investment activity GPPO "Pskovpassazhiravtotrans".

Theoretical positions of dissertational work have been used at realisation of employment on disciplines "Finance", «the Finance of the organisations (enterprises)», «Financial management» in GOU VPO «the St.-Petersburg state engineering-economic university».

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Approbation of results of research. Substantive provisions, conclusions and recommendations of dissertational research have been reported, discussed and approved on VI, VII and VIII Interuniversity conferences of post-graduate students and doktorantov «the Theory and practice of the finance and a banking at the present stage» (St.-Petersburg, 2004 - 2006) VIII and IX scientifically-practical conferences of students and post-graduate students «Economy and management in creativity of young researchers», interuniversity conference of teachers, post-graduate students and doktorantov «Problems of legal regulation of the commodity and financial market: the theory and practice» at the St.-Petersburg state engineering-economic university in 2005-2006

Structure of dissertational work consists of the introduction, three heads, the conclusion, the list of the literature and appendices.

in Introduction the urgency of a theme of dissertational research, a definite purpose and research problems, its subject and object, methodological and information base, scientific novelty and the practical importance is reasonable.

In chapter 1 - «Theoretical bases of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use» the analysis of a state of the art of passenger motor transport of the general use in Russia is carried out, the basic problems and tendencies of its development are revealed; foreign experience of financing of public passenger motor transport is considered; theoretical and methodical approaches to working out of financial and organizational questions of financing of passenger motor transport of the general use are generalised.

in the second chapter - «Methodical bases of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use» - are revealed features of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use, is specified

10 conceptual device, financing principles are systematised, classification of forms and financing methods is conducted, methodical positions according to efficiency of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use are developed.

in the third chapter - «Recommendations about perfection of financing of the enterprises of passenger motor transport of the general use» - are revealed the basic regional problems and features of financing of passenger motor transport of the general use on an example of "Government facilities of the Pskov area« Pskovpassazhiravtotrans »», its forms and financing methods are defined, recommendations about perfection of financing of the enterprises of public passenger motor transport at municipal and state levels are offered.

in the Conclusion the basic results of dissertational research are stated.

the literature list includes 165 names.

Publications. Dissertation substantive provisions are published in 12 scientific works in total amount 2,34 items of l.

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A source: MIHNEEVA Anna Leonidovna. FORMS And METHODS of FINANCING of the ENTERPRISES of PASSENGER MOTOR TRANSPORT of the GENERAL USE the Dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of a Cand.Econ.Sci. St.-Petersburg 2007. 2007

More on topic INTRODUCTION:

  1. in introduction
  2. INTRODUCTION
  3. INTRODUCTION
  4. 10.1. Introduction
  5. INTRODUCTION
  6. approbation and introduction of results.
  7. Introduction
  8. Introduction
  9. INTRODUCTION
  10. INTRODUCTION