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2.3. The Design procedure of characteristics of transportation process of delivery of mineral oil in a network «the Tank farm - the gas station» with principle use "precisely-in-time"

The general model of functioning of a distributive network of mineral oil considered in the previous paragraph «a tank farm - gasoline stations» allows to pass to a following stage - to formation of a design procedure of characteristics of the transportation process which ultimate goal is the economic estimation of elements of a logistical chain «NB - ATP - the gas station», namely, «minimisation of expenses at principle observance precisely-in-time».

The logistical analysis shows, that the approach which will include two stages of the decision of a task in view is methodically correct: the first stage providing decision-making on the basis of the analysis osrednen - nyh data about expenses of mineral oil of all gas stations entering into a network, and provoznyh possibilities of rolling stock ATP; the second stage, allowing to detail features of work of the concrete gas stations, indexes of transportation process and the characteristic of work NB.

Necessity of problem solving of the first stage arises in following situations:

- At occurrence of "failures" in work of an existing network «NB - the gas station» (regular idle times of the gas station without mineral oil; turns on NB; constant deficiency of a rolling stock and others);

At expansion of a network of the gas station (modernisation or reconstruction old, building of new stations and complexes etc.) and building of new tank farms;

At structural change of park of a rolling stock, quantity of vehicles, their tehniko-operational parametres;

For reception prognoznyh estimations of stability of functioning of a network «NB - the gas station», the quantities of cars connected with growth in region, increase in transit streams of transport (building of new motorways), etc.

In drawing 2.10 are resulted the integrated block diagramme of algorithm of an estimation of equation of requirements of a rolling stock for their delivery. After the directory base is generated (the block 1), for each gas station integrated characteristics of the expense of//th kind of fuel in day (the block 2.1) are defined.

j

NYа • L ·e

sh sh osh L / ')

GK ('

365 «М* 100 if '

Where N - park of cars in region, sht;

aim - a share of cars of m th type consuming//th kind of fuel;

Um ~ centre size of annual run of m th type of cars, km;

gim - average discharge of fuel of t that type of the car, km l/100;

M - quantity of the gas station in region;

Ki - the correcting factors reflecting specific features of the gas station.

The second variant of definition of the expense of//th kind at the gas station - experimental, by results of proximate analysis of work during a certain time slice (the block 2.2).

Ssumiruja average discharges on all the gas station entering into a network, we will receive the general requirement for//th kind of mineral oil (the block 3).

Fig. 2.10. The Block diagramme of algorithm of an estimation of equation of consumed fuel of the gas station and provoznyh possibilities of rolling stock ATP

M

Qt.-J.4g (2-6)

J = 1

If there is a possibility to transport all kinds nefte

Products a universal rolling stock, for example, all kinds of benzines, in this case we will receive the general estimation of quantity of consumed fuel in day.

N M

Qy =1 1 e. (2.7)

L i =\j =\lJ

In situ 4 are defined provoznye possibilities of an available rolling stock.

If cars-gasoline tank trucks transport only//th kind of fuel, the tankage (or tanks in case of use of lorry convoys) the "centre" car is equal:

Yqkinki Lki

Where qia - container k-j units of a rolling stock for transportation of//th fuel; shch - quantity of units PS for transportation of//th fuel.

If PS is universal, i.e. In the presence of express purification can transport all kinds of fuel calculation under the formula (2.8) is manufactured for all park of cars. As the remark it is necessary to specify, that in some cases in the same tank the car-gasoline tank truck transports various kinds of benzines without careful purification after each flight. Therefore the considered variant of such transportation corresponds to the developed practice.

In the same block mean time of flight on delivery fuel from MB to the gas station is defined

=Тз + Tdv + Tsl + th> (2.9)

And quantity of flights of the "centre" car-gasoline tank truck within the working day

(2.10)

Where TNB - an operating time of a tank farm within days.

Then provoznye possibilities ATP on delivery//th kind of fuel are equal

(2.11)

The similar formula takes place for "universal" cars - of gasoline tank trucks, i.e. In a case when different kinds of fuel are transported by one car.

In situ 5 by kinds of fuel comparison of requirements is manufactured for all gas stations Q ^. And provoznyh possibilities ATP QTj. Possible parities

Between them result in to three characteristic situations. We will consider them more in detail.

The first situation. Q ^> Qn, i.e. Requirements of the gas station surpass provoznye

Possibilities ATP (the block 6). It result ins to regular deficiency of fuel at the gas station, income loss, loss of image of the gas station, to equipment downtime, etc. The list of possible actions is extensive enough: increase in quantity of cars-gasoline tank trucks or their redistribution by kinds of transported fuel; change of duties NB, reduction of time of flight; improvement of technological possibilities of the equipment for fulness and plum of tanks etc.

The second situation. (2^ 1, and

Also expenses ASAZS 2 connected with payment of the personnel and equipment downtime of the gas station etc. ASlzs. It is obvious, that each of situations at which fuel at the gas station is absent, will not submit to a basic principle "precisely-in-time", we will notice, that total of such situations equally 6 from 16.

In the conclusion we will consider the approach to optimisation of expenses in a distributive chain «NB - ATP - the gas station». It is considered, for example, in work [174] prof. S.A.Uvarova, that before application of the logistical approach criterion function of a complex "production-consumption", was oriented on a minimum of costs in each of links

Z (C) =min 1С, - (2.21)

i=1

Where With, - accordingly expenses for production, supply, distribution, transportation.

The logistical approach is oriented on refusal of the isolated consideration of costs. Therefore, prof. S.A.Uvarovym [174] instead of (2.21) is recommended to use criterion of a minimum of the sum of the specified expenses, each of which is presented by the optimum value, i.e.

L {C) = mm^optCi, (2.22)

/ =1

With reference to a considered chain above resulted approach means

1 (C) = min [optCHE +optCAm +optCA3C J. (2.23)

Optimisation of expenses for the gas station, as shown in works [48, 49], means,

That it should work as system of mass service (SMO) from the limited long turn on a batch, instead of as SMO with expectation. Optimisation of expenses on ATP, besides a choice of a rolling stock and scheduling of transportation process, should include questions of an estimation of reliability, in particular, probabilities of no failure of cars on lines, and definition of quantity of reserve cars. At last, optimisation of expenses for NB means certain reservation of capacities for a batch of cars at o'clock "peak", etc. As a whole optimisation of expenses of separate chain units means, that they can be more than the minimum expenses, but the minimum of expenses for all distributive chain will be thus reached.

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A source: Geiev Mauladi Arbievich. Organizational-economic management methods automobile transportations of mineral oil in a distributive network "the Tank farm - gasoline stations": the Dissertation of a Cand.Econ.Sci.: 08.00.05. - Stavropol,. 2007

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  3. Geiev Mauladi Arbievich. Organizational-economic management methods automobile transportations of mineral oil in a distributive network "the Tank farm - gasoline stations": the Dissertation of a Cand.Econ.Sci.: 08.00.05. - Stavropol,, 2007 2007
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