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Influence energoeffektivnogo buildings on a condition ekoyologicheskoj safety of urban lands

The contribution of buildings to global warming, on a rough estimate, soyostavljaet approximately 40 % from all anthropogenic load («hothouse gases») on environment. Housing and communal services in the different countries, poyotrebljaet from 25 % to 40 % of power resources [113].

In work [43] the attention that one of the basic consumers of thermal energy javljayojutsja domestic buildings, and «the urbanization proceeds even faster, than demograficheyosky growth» [3] also is paid. Thus, by results of researches [137], global vyyobrosy СО2 for 2018 make approximately 35 ГтСО2/год (drawing 1.4).

Drawing 1.4. Annual emissions of the USA, EU and China in comparison with globalyonymi emissions. The black line introduces global emission, sootvetyostvujushchuju to warming on 2°C [137]

The interrelation between realisations energopotentsiala buildings for the account povysheyonija them energoeffektivnosti and environmental control is reflected in the book [60].

At Subgroup session on energoeffektivnosti the Russian-German Strategic working group on cooperation in the field of economy and fiyonansov in the report the chairman of board of German Power Agency (DENA) S.Koler has specified, that according to the Federal Ministry of Economics (data on power for 2012) energoeffektivnost in sector eksyopluatatsii buildings possesses crucial importance for successful realisation noyovoj the power policy [64]. Almost 40 % of final power consumption in Germany are necessary on sector of buildings from which 31 % it is spent on otopleyonie (drawing 1.5).

Drawing 1.5. Materials of the report of S.Kolera «German experience of increase energoeffektivnosti in sector of buildings», 2013 [64]

In the same report it has introduced results of work of agency DENA on increase energoeffektivnosti the state objects of the real estate to Germany during 2004-2013 and dependence of decrease in emissions СО2 at the expense of decrease energopotreblenija (drawing 1.6).

We can see, that increase energoeffektivnosti only 35 objects of building have allowed to lower quantity of emissions СО2 on
37 000 tons a year. Considering, what share energopotreblenija is made by sector of buildings, increase potential energoeffektivnosti objects of building from the point of view of increase of environmental safety does not leave any soyomneny.

Since • Economy of power inputs: 7,1 Million € in a year
2004: e Immediate reduction of loading by the budget: 1,3 Million € in a year
Investments: 40 Million €
Reduction of emissions СО2: 37.000 Tons a year

As of 01/2013: 35 objects of the real estate, the realised projects / Projects in a stage of the detailed analysis.

Drawing 1.6. Materials of the report of S.Kolera «German experience of increase energoeffektivnosti in sector of buildings», 2013 [64]

In work [8] some scenarios of development of consumption eneryogii in the Russian housing sector till 2050 are considered, and also are developed predloyozhenija on perfection of a policy of increase of efficiency ispolzovayonija energy in housing sphere. Boots I.A writes: «the Sector of domestic buildings is the large consumer of energy on which share it is necessary: 23 % poyotreblenija primary energy; 21 % of consumption of final energy; 42 % konechyonogo thermal energy consumption; 16 % of final consumption elektroeneryo
gii; 25 % of final consumption of rock gas and almost third total poyotreblenija rock gas. In 2012 64,6 % of power consumption in housing sector it was necessary on the heating purpose., »|8, with. 22-23]. The author also connects reyozultaty decrease energopotreblenija in housing sector with decrease vyyobrosov hotbed gases, predicting, that it is possible to achieve decrease in emissions of hotbed gases on 35 % from level of 2011 [8, c.30].

In [49] influence of emissions dioksida carbon on a condition zdoyorovja the population is considered. The researches spent to Russia, the population (table 1.1) have allowed to estimate vzayoimosvjaz decrease in emissions СО2 and decrease in mortality.

Table 1.1 - Estimations of decrease in risk of mortality at active participation of Russia in the Kiotsky report at the expense of reduction of emissions of substances, soputstvuyojushchih to emissions of hotbed gases [49]

Decrease in risk of mortality (events, year) Reduction of emissions SOtys. Tons a year
Russia, as a whole 40 000 600 million
Thermal power of Russia, as a whole 10 000 60 million
Moscow 850 3600
Voronezh FROM 220
Nizhni Novgorod 277 1700
Great Novgorod 51 1100
Velsk 40 50
Novodvinsk 16 1000

In work [78] it is scientifically proved and proved, that «designing and vnedyorenie energoeffektivnyh technologies and environmental safety systems independently and separately appears effectless for sufficient poyovyshenija level of environmental safety and energoeffektivnosti buildings» [78, with. 5]. The author enters concept "ekoumnoe" a building which represents symbiosis of ecological, architectural and engineering decisions. Thus, at a choice energosberegajushchih technologies it is recommended to prefer
To complex decisions which promote not only to improvement mikroyoklimata premises, but also to environment protection.

By results of researches [53], in Russia stable growth of quantity of "green" objects of building is observed, and also noticed, that «“ green ”technologies are the most perspective decision ecological and ekoyonomicheskih the problems facing to Russia».

Efficiency of the passive house leads to comfort increase. PassivYOnye technologies change sense of the term «economy of energy», it any more podyorazumevaet asceticism. Well-being increase leads to improvement sostojayonija environment - this idea is the modern decision zayodach on energosberezheniju.

1.3

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A source: KLEVETS XENIA NIKOLAEVNA. INCREASE of ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY of OBJECTS of BUILDING AT the STAGE of THEIR DESIGNING AT THE EXPENSE OF PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING. The DISSERTATION on competition of a scientific degree of a Cand.Tech.Sci. Simferopol - 2019. 2019

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