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introduction a research Urgency

The urgency of dissertational research is caused by necessity of acceleration of structural transformations for the Russian economy and increases of rates of its growth. The decision of this problem directly depends on dynamics of development of separate regions, character of interaction between them and the federal Center.
As one of the important tools free economic zones as the tool of stimulation of economic activity thus act. Not casually, thus, recently discussions about the further destiny of these zones in Russia again have quickened. In this occasion the points of view express various, often opposite. From here the great value acquires the analysis of results of activity of free economic zones abroad and an estimation of their investment in a stay national economy, and also their activity in the conditions of globalisation and regionalizatsii economic. It is known, a number of the countries, first of all China, has achieved impressing successes in creation SEZ. Bonded areas have played a significant role in development of economy of the given states. In this connection actual research of results of functioning SEZ in Russia, first of all the Special economic zone in the Kaliningrad area is represented. The originality of its mechanism consists in eksklavnom character of region - result of disintegration of the USSR. The research urgency increases in connection with a new geoeconomic and geopolitical situation in Europe. After joining in May, 2004 to EU of the countries next to the Kaliningrad area the region has territorially appeared in the European union. It has got to an economic-legal collision which is not regulated yet by norms of international law. Relations will depend on the decision of the Kaliningrad problem between Russia and EU on which it is necessary more than half of all foreign economic relations of our country in many respects. Abundantly clear, that efficiency of functioning of the Special economic zone in the Kaliningrad area in a considerable measure will define both prospects of development of region, and character of relations between Russia and EU. The purposes and research problems Dissertation research objective is revealing of the basic tendencies of development of free economic zones, first of all anklavno-eksklavnogo type, role SEZ in stimulation of economic activity and on this basis working out of recommendations about maintenance of effective economic development of the Kaliningrad area in the conditions of expansion of the European Union on the east, including on the further perfection of the mechanism of a free (special) economic zone in region, and also an estimation of a possible role of region in the future. For achievement of the named purpose in the dissertation following problems are delivered: • To analyse world experience of creation and maintenance of activity of free economic zones and to pay attention to the most progressive approaches; • To reveal role SEZ in processes of globalisation of economic: in an intensification of world capital flow and liberalisation of foreign trade by the goods and services; • To investigate competitive advantages and defects of economy of the Kaliningrad area, it is resource, personnel, industrial, scientifically - technical potential and to state an estimation of its efficiency; j to define specificity of the mechanism of the Special economic zone in the Kaliningrad area and to evaluate results of its development; • To designate possibilities which are granted by region for economic development of Russia, including from the point of view of the mechanism of the Special economic zone; • To characterise new problems which rise before the Kaliningrad area in connection with expansion of the European Union, and to offer ways of their decision; • To evaluate a role which the region in the further cooperation me> meal Russia and the European union can play, and to produce recommendations about their successful realisation.
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A source: Levitsky K.V.. Free economic zones and the tool of stimulation of economic activity (on an example of the Kaliningrad area) / the Dissertation. 2005

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