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5.2 Economic-mathematical model of optimisation of resource maintenance of the enterprises of a process industry [4]

the Basic participants dairy klastera are manufacturers of forages and fodder additives.

Data about requirements of large horned livestock for mixed fodders are very ambiguous. In a purpose-oriented programme «Development of production of mixed fodders in the Russian Federation for 2010-2012» [8], requirements of cattle breeding for 2012 have been indicated at level of 16 million tons (8 million tons - meat and 8 million tons - dairy cattle breeding).

Thus the real volume of production ­ made hardly more than 2 million tons, that is in 8 times it is less. The new purpose-oriented programme ­ on mixed fodders is not present till now, and, accordingly, there are no fresher indicators. At the same time, under forecasts of experts, the requirement for ­ mixed fodders for large horned livestock by 2020 will make 8,4 million tons.

Meanwhile, according to the official statistics, production ­ of mixed fodders for large horned livestock in 2013 has made 1 million 966 thousand tons. It is necessary to tell, that in conditions when volumes of production of mixed fodders for pigs and birds grow fast rates, production of mixed fodders for cattle breeding the last some years fluctuates round a mark in 2 million tons. The production volume for the first 9 months 2014 has made 1 million 527 thousand tons, that is at extrapolation for a year will again be received an order ­ of 2 million. In relation to the first 9 months 2013 (1 million 473 thousand tons) production growth has made 3,7 %. Real volumes of production can be above the official statistics as the part of forages is made in economy and is not always considered in the statistican, however hardly they can exceed level in 2,5-3 million tons (tab. 5.8). Thus, the potential for production growth is very great.

Table 5.8 - Production of mixed fodders for KRS in subjects of the Russian Federation

Region It is made for ­ January-September, 2014, tons It is made for ­ January-September, 2013, tons Growth (decrease) in production, %
the Russian Federation ­ 1 527 186 1 473 278 103,7
Republic Tatarstan ­ 153 932,39 122 665,38 125,5
Krasnodar territory 142 223,84 125 782,52 113,1
Leningrad region ­ 112 186 128 272 87,5
the Moscow area 103 066,09 112 351,16 91,7
the Chelyabinsk area 94 485,19 99 935,2 94,5
St.-Petersburg 90 198 83 497 108
Altay territory 80 378,65 66 540 120,8
the Tula area 62 179,21 62 176,99 100
Belgorod about­

last

60 205,65 58 062,9 103,7
Voronezh about­

last

50 294,69 40 267,2 124,9
the Ivanovo area 47 782,93 50 242,33 95,1
the Vologda area 42 716 38 623,63 110,6
Sverdlovsk about­

last

42 213,01 40 218,88 105
Krasnoyarsk region 41 862,73 34 516,68 121,3
Republic Bashkortostan ­ 30 843,4 28 711,46 107,4
Vladimir about­

last

27 144,64 24 509,37 110,8
the Nizhniy Novgorod ­ area 26 644,42 24 549,93 108,5
Omsk area 26 159,5 26 590,7 98,4
the Udmurt Republic ­ 23 800,3 17 436,3 136,5
Irkutsk area 21 104,09 19 857,62 106,3

the Source: the Agricultural review "TSenovik", ¹ 1, 2015

In this connection there is obvious a necessity of search of reserves of increase of efficiency of resource potential molokopererabatyvajushchih ­ the enterprises with allowance for specificity of regions.

Working out of model of the organizational-economic mechanism of formation of resource ­ potential and an estimation of its efficiency, a substantiation of measures of integration ­ of economic subjects in sphere of production and milk processing, a choice of innovative variants of complex use of raw materials and methods of marketing advancement of innovative products is necessary­­.

Kombikormovoe production is not labour-consuming, power-intensive and fondoemkim inherently [332]. Expenses for production average 4-5 % of product cost.

the possibility Analysis klasterizatsii should be begun with definition of a geographical site of the organisations of branches of production ­ using similar technologies and resources. Activity kombikormovoj the industries is based on use of diverse kinds ­ of raw materials with the big possibilities of interchangeability, characterised ­ by availability of the big spectrum of inter-branch relations with suppliers of resources. Kombikormovye the enterprises have hardly expressed transport orientation. Grain and production shipping charges can often exceed ­ expenses for production (without raw materials cost). Therefore with the purposes of ­ the further perfection of placing it is necessary to choose correctly a site kombikormovogo the enterprises [59, 64-65].

Formation klasternogo interactions of the organisations is adhered to a concrete site of raw units. For the potential analysis klasterizatsii we use concept of the resource communications connecting points (zone) of a possible arrangement kombikormovyh of the enterprises with identical ­ resource potential (fig. 5.5).

Drawing 5.5 - Development klasterov as system of resource communications

the Size of zones productivity of territories, and length of communications will reflect degree of distribution of resource potential on territory. So the availability in territory of the isolated zones with high and low resource ­ potential testifies to non-uniform development and availability of disproportions.

Resource communications define possible paths of an overflow of resources ­ in klasterah and their sharing [113-115]. The system of resource ­ communications unites among themselves projects (enterprises) and reflects ­ the program of development of social and economic system of region and possibility of formation various klasterov.

At modelling of interrelations between the enterprises and sources ­ of resources (IR) it is possible to use the integrated estimations characterising ­ degree of fulfilment of requests, presented by the enterprises to quality of a resource. The given estimations consider the information on requirement for mixed fodder, the general requirement for resources, about volume and quality of the resources used by the enterprise. On their basis estimations ­ of stimulating development IR [67, 73, 85, 228] are formed­.

At development of the best variants statement and the decision ­ of corresponding optimising problems is required­. The ultimate goal consists in construction of the expanded optimising model which allows ­ to reveal potential possibilities of maintenance of objects of system ­ missing resources according to the set specifications.

Development of decisions is offered to be conducted on the basis of a certain ­ universal characteristic of difficulty of their achievement (maintenance with missing ­ resources). The given approach requires transition of substantial principles of a substantiation of a problem, to principles of mathematical modelling­.

Construction of the expanded model includes two levels - aprioristic and aposteriornyj. The first level assumes working out of an estimation ­ of stimulating development IR. These estimations reflect the information on the importance of those

or other resources and are factors of linear criterion function. Therefore entered criterion function is faithful production function and considers nonlinear character of dependence «resources - result».

the Second level allows to consider and conduct updating ­ of errors of the initial information used at formation of estimations of stimulating development of a source of resources. Level includes two ­ basic stages:

the method consecutive priblizheny carries out balancing ­ of decisions on scarce resources. Fulfilment of standard characteristics is thus checked. Entered check is necessary for revealing of directions of intensive development of the system, compensating failure of ­ some sources of resources;

updating of factors of criterion function ­ of the expanded model is conducted­.

Failure of use of a source of resources will lead to redistribution ­ of capital investments on the development of the enterprise considering increase of volumes and improvement of quality of resources in IR, and also ­ perfection of "know-how".

we Will stay at stages of construction of the expanded optimising model of resource maintenance more in detail.

As current prices often mismatch a real situation ­ of security of the enterprises resources, as factors ­ of criterion function of linear optimising model of resource maintenance it is expedient to use estimated characteristics of stimulating development of a source of resources,

the Optimising model of resource maintenance can be presented ­ in a kind:

In the resulted model following designations are accepted:

i = 1... N - an enterprise serial number;

j = 1.M - a serial number of a source of resources;

k = 1... L - a serial number of a kind of a resource; t =1... A S-serial number ­ of administrative area.

model Basic data:

b ik - requirement of i th enterprise for resources of k th kind;

- accordingly minimum and maximum requirement i -

go the enterprises in a resource from j th source of resources;

r j - - a priori established accessible volume of a resource in j-ì a source ­ of resources;

- expenses for maintenance of i th enterprise from group Q t unit of a resource from j th source of resources from group H t ;

K t - volume of capital investments on development in t-ì administrative ­ area;

and # 946; j - factor of relative importance of j th source of resources.

Variable models:

x i j - volume of the resource consumed at fulfilment of works on ³ th enterprise from j th source of resources;

yj - missing volume of a resource in j-ì a source of resources;

and # 956; i j - quality of a resource in j th source of resources;

d i j - estimations of difficulty of maintenance ³-gopredprijatija a resource from j th source of resources;

and # 949; i j - requests ³ th enterprises to quality of a resource in j th IR.

At construction of optimising model by natural necessity ­ the account of requests on security of each enterprise ­ a certain kind of resources in in advance established volume is­. These requests ­ are expedient for establishing on the basis of the feasibility report ­ on the enterprises.

If to allocate separate kinds of resources (J 1 ... J l ), (L

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A source: BULGAKOVA Irina Nikolaevna. WORKING OUT AND ADAPTATION OF MECHANISMS OF FUNCTIONING OF THE INTEGRATED STRUCTURES IN THE INDUSTRY. THE DISSERTATION ON COMPETITION OF THE SCIENTIFIC DEGREE OF THE DOCTOR OF ECONOMICS. KURSK - 2018. 2018

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