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3.1. FACTORIAL MODEL of OPTIMIZATION of MANAGEMENT gosuyodarstvennoj the PROPERTY.

Within the limits of a factor analysis some problems, basic of which - revealing in absolute and comparative figures of a role of this or that factor in formation of a productive indicator, as a rule, are decided.

It makes sense only in the event that factors give in to management, that is direct or indirect effect from the subject (ov) managements. Factorial models are under construction to understand and reveal key fakyotory and character of their effect ia system of regional reproduction, making impact thereby on final finance results gosudarstyovennogo managements.

In dotatsionnyh regions which Khabarovsk territory concerns also, proyoblema stabilisation socially - economic development and creation of conditions for economic growth rests against availability of factors economic rosyota to which traditionally carry: 1. Material factors and them kachestvenyonye characteristics - economy production potentialities: industrial production structure, concentration of the capital, number, polovozyorastnuju structure and qualification of a labour, scientifically - technical and tehyonologichesky potential (NTP); 2. Organizational factors - system gosuyodarstvennogo regulations of processes of reproduction.

Thus, as key concept it is considered organizayotsionno - economic structure of management. It can be defined as sisyotem) ' the state regional government, functioning in reyozhime interactions with other control systems: federal orgayonami the authorities and managements, governing bodies of other regions, and as the natural and legal persons who are users and organizujushchimi use of objects of a state ownership - meyonedzhmentom government facilities and establishments, confidential operating state packages (shares) of shares, leasers with the purposes of the management organisation regional reproduction and maksimizayotsii incomes of the budget on the basis of possession, use, the order obekyotami a state ownership. It assumes allocation such nayopravleny the regional government, as management vladeyoniem (management of process institutsionalizatsii regional gosudarstyovennoj properties and formation of effective volume of the economic rights of subjects of the Russian Federation), management of use and the order objects and construction of effective structure the subject - subject and the subject - obyoektnyh use relations (the realisation form) in all sectors ekonomiyoki; management of budgetary productivity of the state property

At the same time in organizational - economic structure (further under the text - OES) the subject of the Russian Federation it is allocated organizational structure of management, objects of management, structure and the mechanism of formation own doyohodov the regional budget by means of state ownership use in economic activities in all sectors of economy, including house economy. 11 designations used on fig. allow to present standard - a legal mechanism of interaction of bodies gosuyodarstvennoj the authorities of federal and regional level in sphere of management of possession, use and the order a state ownership:

ispolzovanie contractual procedures: the coordination is standard - legal base of management, plans and programs of management of a state ownership and privatisations etc.;

_______ k direct effect - management of management KGUP, KGU and doyoveritelnymi operating state blocks of shares of shares in the organisations with various degree of privatisation;

................

* Management of structure of use of objects of the state

Properties in negosudarstvennom economy of Khabarovsk territory;

> management of objects of the joint management, the parts of authorities connected with transfer on management of objects on level of the subject of the Russian Federation.

Within the limits of the given approach it has been studied and constructed OES managements of Khabarovsk territory which is object of the state effect (fig. 11):

To structure and dynamics of incomes of the budget Khabarovsk ê³õ³ÿ or uses and orders a state ownership in 2002 - 2004 of, is bald. ðóá*

Fig. 11. Organizational - economic structure of management of a state ownership of Khabarovsk territory.

Thus, OES the subject of the Russian Federation set and unity organizational - functional structure of the government and structure otnoyosheny represents developed on the certain moment of time possession, uses and orders state sobstvennoyostju in the region, supplying functioning regional vosproizyovodstva on certain type and realisation of budgetary function gosudarstyovennogo managements and represents an illustration of functioning of system of the government regional state sobstyovennostju. Reproduction of the private capital largely deteryominirovano in volume of the state ownership functioning in neyogosudarstvennom sector, namely, volumes of the state share capital, the state real estate, lettable or concession, privatisations, the state investment in market infrastukturu (podyoderzhka a small-scale business, tax privileges and credits, state garanyotii and the guarantee). The trust to public authorities a hook imeyoet the economic basis also is defined by cost vysokolikvidnyh the objects of a state ownership forming mortgaging fund under goyosudarstvennye of the warranty of protection of the rights of private investors etc.

As has shown posektoralnyj the analysis of regional reproduction, chayostnyj the economy sector is no more effective, than state (chapter 2, §1), and on level of technological equipment, labour efficiency even concedes to it.

At formation of the basic approaches to working out of factorial model of management by a state ownership it is necessary to recognise that management of property develops of a primary market grouping (market segment), state regulation according to strukyoturoj the market and management of property of the proprietor, including the Russian Federation, subjects of federation, municipal unions and private proprietors.

Let's consider qualitative factorial model of management state sobstyovennostju in the subject of the Russian Federation, allowing to define degree of dependence of gain VRP

For construction of dynamic model the time parametre is entered into it. It allows to correlate, compare, analyze a control system condition in dynamics, depending on change of operating parametres.

In the offered model, abstracting from set spatially - vreyomennyh, social, political and geopolitical factors, it is considered vlijayonie these two key factors on growth VRP and budgetary ef (|õæòèâíîñòè goyosudarstvennoj sobsgvennosti in region:

1. State ownership volume (at cost), involved in economic circulation, we will designate through G. Quality of objects will be defined by share VRP, sozdayovaemoj with use of objects gosudarsgvennoj properties in all sectors ekoyonomiki, and incomes of the budget the subject of the Russian Federation from use and the order obyoektami.

In the given model are not considered obekty a state ownership, not voyovlechennye in economic circulation as they do not participate in creation VRP. Furthermore there are additional expenditures on public account on "management" of these objects. It is obvious, that if expenses for their contents and protection are equal to zero these objects razyorushajutsja and are plundered, and cost of the given part of a state ownership poyostepenno decreases or becomes equal to zero.

Let's assume, that in the current period the volume of state ownership G (t+1) is defined by cost of the state property and is in a straight line zayovisimosti from procedures of privatisation, underexploitation material and nemateyorialnyh objects of a state ownership and leaving of a part of cost roe - property and natural objects, and as capitalisations, munitsipalizatsii parts obyoektov and inflations:

G (t+l) = G (t) + bG (t+l) + h - Db ' / = G (t) + AG, (1)

Where G (t+1) and G (t) - state ownership costs in the end (t+l) and in the beginning (t) the considered period; &G (t+l) - a state ownership gain, obuslovyolennyj economic activities; h - a state ownership part, vosstayonavlivajushchajasja natural by (renewed gfirodnye resources), AG; opisyyovaet a state ownership part, vovlechegshoj in hozjajsgvegshyj a turn-over, and rasyohoduemoj at all stages of regional reproduction. If the gain gosudarstvenyonoj properties at the expense of economic activities blocks leaving of its any part net cost of a state ownership increases.

2. Volume of a resource "management" we will designate through M Cost of a resource of management in L/, used in the current period it will be equal to a part of cost state

The property created in ïðîï³ëîì the period (incomes regional bjud zheta at the expense of economic activities) also it is defined by a share of costs for management in VRP:

L / (/.-1) = L'gb (/), (2)

Where Kg - a share of costs for management of a state ownership in VRP.

Expenditures on public account on management of a state ownership opredeljayojut cost of the given resource depending on its volume and quality (qualification etc.). They include not only costs of a pas a payment state sluzhayoshchih, but also expenses for creation, service and perfection is information - management material resources etc., that is those factors, which supply growth of quality of management (chapter 2, §1), wages of workers regional gosuchrezhdeyony.

The M factor, as well as factor G, has dual effect on volume VRP. At the same time, if the duality of factor G is defined ìàòåð³àëüíî - material ñòðóê³óðñí ³ the duality of the factor of M has mainly inepputsionalnyj character. вíñãèòóöèîíàëüíîå M effect on VRP will be positive if, nayoprimer, the regional legislation accurately and clearly specifies activity conditions apyoparata the Governments of Khabarovsk territory. In case of incompleteness of process instituyotsionalizatsii (both at level of the subject of federation, and on federal) institutsioyonalnoe M effect will have negative character and to contain growth VRP. The disorganisation of management caused by factors institutsionalnogo of character (sisyotemnaja transformation) leads to recession VRP the/appendix 1/and to deformations of system of regional reproduction. So, in frameworks of "privatisation model» managements of a state ownership up to 1997 The federal government soyokrashchalo, or in general has terminated financing of some FGUP defensive, sudostroiyotelnoj and air promyshpennosgi in the Far East, and then has reduced veliyochinu or in general has refused state order practice (for example, according to HARDWARE Agency -

VPK, in 2001 K'shoborony ie has executed the obligations on state order payment in otyonoshenii State Unitary Enterprise "ON" the Pendant », Amursk, where the ministry debt has made - 136 minutes of rbl.), financings under such articles as, municipal payments and wages to workers. It has led to destruction of potential of some the enterprises and has rendered negayotivnoe effect on ôîðìíðîâàø³å tax incomes of the regional budget, level zayonjatosti and unemployments of the population in region.

At the same time, it is necessary to consider, that growth of a gross regional product (VRP) will be supplied, at the expense of use of objects of a state ownership in all sectors of regional economy in the current period (/, / +1) at the expense of the resources created in the previous period and on structure will include dobavlenyonuju the cost created in the current period. Then a production gain it is possible opiyosat the equation:

Q (t +1) - defining dependence between the factor of M and dynamics VRP,

Allows to consider the management contribution. The factor describes a gain of volumes proizyovodstva, in account of a pas 1 rouble of cost of a state ownership on the beginning of year:

. It a trust a role of an initial comparative economic indicator, kotoyoryj correlates dynamics VRP with dinashkoj the material factor of its growth. If the government contribution is not considered (since the state ownership part is transmitted in doveritslnos management and use to private persons and the organisations),

That Ê=Êî. The Factor To, is defined as follows: Kh =. It oprede -

AND / (/)

ljaet gain VRP counting on one rouble of cost state sobstyovennosti on the beginning of year and on one wheel enclosed in management.

The state ownership increment (AG (t+l)) - actually obuyoslovleno as administrative activity (K3M (t +1)) also is measured by incomes of the budget of the organisation and economic activities regulation in regioyone, and as part VRP invested in economy of region in a kind bjudzhetyonyh of investments (Ê4Î (/)).s the account of the above-stated the equation (1) becomes:

G (t +1) - G (t) = H - AG, + K, K, Q (t) + K.Q (!) (4)

Thus, the system of the equations describing considered model of management by a state ownership, looks like:

Q (t + l)-Q (0 =

L +

m (0 =, (/)

(5)

G (t +1) - G (/) = h - AG, + KxK2Q (t) + VDO

Substituting significances M and AG, in the equation (3), we receive the equation of factorial model for gain VRP (D (?):

4 ª =? (/+1) - About (/) = l +/with "+ 5=Ó (' ï1) R ' - 40 + W+1) + And ' 4å (0] (6)

. M (/+1)

Ì3 (/)

The equation (6) shows, that gain VRP is proportional to increment value goyosudarstvennoj to the property. At the same time it çàâèñèìîñ³ü from an administrative resource nelinejna.

The general character of this dependence consists in the following: at significance M (t+l) =O (state sobstvennoyostju in region) in the formula (3) on the beginning of year TO = L + KQ [And - AG + It means action of privatisation model of management,

That reduction of a regional resource of management leads to growth budgetary zavisiyomosti.

In < ïðåäåëüíîì ñëó÷àå áåñêîíå÷íîãî ðîñòà ðàñõîäîâ íà óïðàâëåíèå ãîñó-

drugohdarstvennoj soostvennostju in region (>> 0 »&Q ceases to depend from rashoyo

dov on management, i.e. from M (t + I), also leaves on constant significance:

D () = (/+ 1) - ª (0 = ^ + And ' 1Ê3Ë/2 (0.

From here follows, that there is a certain area of optimum costs on upravyolenie at which growth SAY lies is maximum.

On the basis of the above-stated a main indicator of a management efficiency state property is the budgetary efficiency defined under the formula:

, (7)

Where T - budget incomes in the current period. Thus, the size of expenses for nanosecond management in M can grow any way indefinitely. The limit of growth of M will be set nerayovenstvom, reflecting dependence between a parity of a share of incomes in VRP and shares ¦¦—. At the same time, if rates of increase of costs for L / management () are above rates of increase of aggregate incomes of the budget () efyofektivnost managements decreases. There is a bias mezhtsu costs on upravleyonie And / and a product of management At 7;. At — < 1 óïðàâëåíèå áóäåò íå ýôôåêòèâíî.

costs in VRP on management

G

. á_

Ì_

Q

7ì YES /

At

= 1 gain VRP will be absent, and at> 1 growth YES / YES / will be observed

VRP. Hence, the condition should be satisfied:—> 1.

YES /

The presented above, logic, logic and mathematical interpretation of action of factorial model of management by state property in region it is possible to illustrate graphically.

Outcome I from the equation (3) and the economic nature of action of the factor of M on volume VRP we receive in co-ordinates of M and VRP (Q) following graph Q against M zayodannogo the period (t, t+1):

Fig. 12. Dependence of volume VRP on a management resource in the period (t, t+1).

On the schedule (fig. 12) is observed increase in significances Q from 0 to 0,5 with growth significance of M from 0 to 2 which reaches a maximum in a point t.

This schedule displays - objective lolozhigelnoe effect of growth of a resource of M on volume VRP (Q) on a section (0, pt). At the further growth of costs optimum znayochenie costs for management it will be passed, that will cause objective reduction Q, as. The glut factor starts to act.

Let's consider ñè³óàöèþ in region economy when take place either simple, or the expanded reproduction.

Within the limits of the given factorial model we will consider two extreme cases of effect Mna Qnpn change of parametres of M and G.

Cases 1. We will assume, that one both togas the volume and maximum VRP can dostiyogatsja at bolshem volume of expenses for management (m j> t 2).

The ego will inevitably cause shift of the schedule along an axis of abscisses (fig. 13):

Fig. 13. Dependence of rates of increase VRP otresursa managements.

The case 2 describes a situation of growth VRP (Q) at the same expenses for management (nil = ï³2) (fig. 14):

Fig. 14. Dynamics VRP at invariable volumes of M.

The formula (6) testifies that linear dependence is observed between

Q and volume (cost) G. As well as in case of M effect on Q, it is possible to consider two extreme cases of effect G on ().sluchaj 1 describes a situation absolute otsutstyovija effects G on Q (fig. 15):

ABOUT]

³

P “²

n ft-}

³

C1

J

z

cl—T-r-T—T - G-T - T T-T 1 ¦ ' ¦¦¦¦ ' T-T T T l T-T - T - ’ - ¯ - »

About - 4 about 0 IO

I 4

Fig. 15. Idle time âîà³ðîíçâîäñòâî ÂÐÃ1 at nso§rannchsinom growth (³.

The case 2 describes a situation of gain VRP, at quantitative and kachestyovennom change of volumes of state property (G), at L = 0 (fig. 16):

Fig. 16. Dynamics VRP (Q), state property volume (G).

² ²îñãðîèì from two variables G and M.On will represent the plot of the function poyoverhnost (fig. 17):

Fig. 17. / (ruhfaetornaja model ustojchivoju growth Âв1.

Each point of a surface has three koord inaty: on horizontal axes are postponed - volume state sobsgvennosti (G), volume of a resource of management (), on vertikalyonoj axes - VRP (Q), at federal budgetary transfers And = 0. If And 0 the schedule will be displaced upwards on size A.

Let's consider a case, when G # 0. In this case the schedule has a maximum.

Hence, at certain significances G exists oblasg ogggamalnyh significances of M at which the gain is supplied SAY lies In this sense the given model is î³ÿèììçàöèîííîé as allows to optimise costs for management for any G # 0.

The considered qualitative factorial model of management gosudarstyovennoj sobstvennosgju the subject of the Russian Federation is in certain degree alyoternativoj realised in economic practice «privatisation moyodeli» managements of a state ownership.

Gain VRP is possible in a case realisation of factorial model if the increase in volume of a state ownership is supposed not simply, and transition to purposeful improvement of quality is subject - objective structure of management by its re-structuring and expansion ekonomicheyoskih the rights of subjects of the Russian Federation. Thus, stable economic growth and sokrashcheyonie deficiency of a public finance are possible in case of model change upravleyonija and qualitative change of operating parametres in state ownership system. In case of its further redistribution in a private sector there will be also a redistribution of incomes. In this case it will be necessary peyoreraspredelenie social obligations of the subject of the Russian Federation in a private sector - izyomenenie a share of the state and private sectors in maintenance sotsialyonyh costs. Otherwise the situation will be accompanied by decrease in rates ekoyonomicheskogo growth, growth of a public debt of the subject of the Russian Federation and otritsatelyonoj socially - demographic dynamics.

3.2.

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A source: Averbuh Elena Aleksandrovva. OPTIMIZATION of MANAGEMENT by the STATE OWNERSHIP of the SUBJECT of the RUSSIAN FEDERATION (ON the EXAMPLE of KHABAROVSK TERRITORY). The DISSERTATION on competition of a scientific degree of a Cand.Econ.Sci. Khabarovsk - 2005. 2005

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