Research of problems of development of agriculture of region
Having essential potential of development, agroindustrial komyopleks Bryansk area, it is characterised by a number of the problems, not allowing to leave in high-grade leaders among regions of the Central federal district and Russia in the given sphere of production.
Set of the problems accompanying development regional agyoropromyshlennogo of a complex of Bryansk area, is classified by us as follows (fig. 2.14).
Drawing 2.14 - Problems of development of the regional agriculture, staticizing neobhodiyomost applications klasternogo the approach
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1. Problems of technogenic character
The given problems are shown that Bryansk area hardly poyostradala from failure on the Chernobyl atomic power station. To radioactive pollution has undergone over 522 thousand hectares in seven southwest areas of Bryansk area. Thus, there is a problem of use of territories with the purposes of development of the agriculture, introduced of a turn-over in reyozultate failures on the Chernobyl atomic power station.
2. Problems of economic and market character, among them:
2.1 High degree of deterioration of a fixed capital of the enterprises agroproyomyshlennogo a complex of Bryansk area (fig. 2.15).
Drawing 2.15 - Dynamics of a condition of a fixed capital of the enterprises reyogionalnogo agriculture
So, by data for 2016, degree of deterioration of a fixed capital predpriyojaty regional agriculture has made 31,5 %. OcheYOvidno, that such significances of deterioration act as one of obstacles polnoyotsennomu to development of agroindustrial production in region. With the purposes of improvement of a condition of a fixed capital of Bryansk area it is possible to allocate also the following directions requiring the decision:
Necessity of updating of park of agricultural machinery puyotyom replacements new resursosberegajushchimi by cars;
Necessity of reconstruction and building of granaries, vegetable storehouses, hay storages, silosno-senazhnyh structures;
Necessity of restoration and effective utilisation oroyoshaemyh and the drained earths, realisation of actions for counteraction of erosion of soils.
2.2 Increase in dependence of the food market Bryansk obyolasti from external deliveries on separate kinds food produkyotsii. The last years dynamics of deliveries of agricultural production from the enterprises functioning in druyogih regions that testifies, first, about insufficiently high konyokurentosposobnosti regional agriculture (on tseyonovym to characteristics, range, quality, methods of advancement, etc.) is observed povyshatelnaja; and, secondly, about increase in dependence of region from external deliveries of separate kinds of the foodstuffs. On fig. 2.16 dynamics poyostavok is presented agricultural production to Bryansk area from others sub -
ektov the Russian Federation for 2008 - 2015
Drawing 2.16 - Dynamics of deliveries of agricultural production in
Bryansk area from other subjects of the Russian Federation
Despite the positive tendency to decrease in dependence of Brjanyosky area from deliveries from other regions of milk and dairy products, and also grain crops, the last years increase zaviyosimosti region from cattle and bird deliveries is observed.
2.3 Defect of financial resources at the enterprises regional agyoropromyshlennogo a complex, both for management current economic dejayotelnosti, and for maintenance of problems of strategic development, for example, on acquisition of high-quality breeding cattle and sowing mateyoriala.
2.4 Low level of profitability of the enterprises of agriculture. On fig. 2.17 the comparative characteristic rentayobelnosti is presented production in agriculture and other kinds of activity in 2016
Drawing 2.17 - the Comparative characteristic of profitability produkyotsii in agriculture and other kinds of economic activities in Bryansk area in 2016
Besides profitability in agriculture low (and in 2016 - negative), a problem is complexity of administrative and economic planning and forecasting of activity of the enterprises of the agriculture, caused dependence from agroklima -
Drawing 2.18 - Change of level of profitability selskohozjajstvenyonyh the enterprises of Bryansk area
2.5 Necessity of subsidising of agriculture reyogiona for the account of regional and municipal budgets that raises nayogruzku on budgets of the given levels, not at once (and not always) leads poloyozhitelnomu to financial and economic effect.
2.6 rather low level of productivity and efficiency in region agriculture in comparison with regions Central fedeyoralnogo districts, and also leaders regional selhozproizvoditeljami on the country.
2.7 Disparitet the prices on food and industrial produkyotsiju, stipulating growth of production costs and unprofitableness of many agricultural enterprises.
2.8 Significant influence of seasonal fluctuations on indicators of finansoyovo-economic efficiency of the agricultural enterprises on otyo
To efficient kinds of production; an unbalanced supply and demand in the market in various time frameworks.
2.9 requirements of a regional seller's market Inappropriate to all spectrum range made agricultural predpriyojatijami production region; a low share of a domestic production on regioyonalnom the foodstuffs market.
2.10 markets of food and agricultural production insufficiently developed infrastructural maintenance.
3. Problems of organizational-legal and administrative character:
3.1 competitivenesss Essential level in the food market of Bryansk area are hindered by creation of stable horizontal ties at regional level that reduces efficiency of functioning regioyonalnyh the enterprises of agriculture which at gramotyonoj cooperations, with use klasternogo the approach, could demonstyorirovat great values of cumulative efficiency. One of variants of horizontal interaction of the agricultural enterprises of Brjanyosky area is industrial cooperation on creation zhiyovotnovodcheskih breeding and grain seed economy in region.
3.2 Significant differentiation of areas of Bryansk area on urovyonju and to possibilities of development of various directions of agriculture.
3.3 Necessity of perfection of mechanisms of standardization, certification and quality assurance of agricultural production and services.
3.4 insufficiently effective regional legislative base on attraction of investments into the agriculture enterprises.
3.5 Necessity of development of interrelations between sector proizvodyostva animal industries production, its processing and the further sales within the limits of associations of the enterprises of agriculture of Bryansk area.
3.6 Absence organizational-economic and legal mechanisms of interaction of public sector and private enterprises agropromyshyo
lennogo a complex; necessity of development of mechanisms gosudarstvennoyochastnogo partnership in regional agriculture.
3.7 Not enough high level of inter-regional cooperation and interaction of public authorities at realisation otdelyonyh projects (for example, creation of mashinno-technological stations).
According to priorities of development of agriculture of the Bryansk area, in the Government program «Development of agriculture and regulation of the markets of agricultural production, raw materials and prodoyovolstvija Bryansk area» (2014 - 2020) », and also Strategy of sotsiyoalno-economic development of Bryansk area till 2025, 1 the differentiation of areas of Bryansk area on level selskohozjajstyovennogo productions was established proizveyodena. Distinctions of areas in natural usloviyojah, structure of moving, number and population density were considered. The regional authorities allocate types of regions by following criteria:
The reached level of development of an agricultural production;
Required level of development of an agricultural production in selhozorganizatsijah on sredne - and long-term prospect.
According to the criteria established in program dokuyomentah, municipal unions of Bryansk area ranzhirovany sleyodujushchim in the image (tab. 2.11).
Following step is allocation of groups of areas: vysokoperyospektivnye (); sredneperspektivnye (); insufficiently perspective () (tab. 2.12).
Table 2.11
Ranging of municipal unions of Bryansk area on density of rural population and intensity agricultural производства1
№ | Area | Population density | Grain density | Cattle and bird density | Milk density | Nadoj on 1 cow |
1. | The Brasovsky | 18 | 2 | 6 | 17 | 13 |
2. | The Bryansk | 1 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
3. | The Vygonichsky | 4 | 14 | 24 | 21 | 7 |
4. | The Gordeevsky | 8 | 19 | 15 | 7 | 17 |
5. | Dubrovsky | 11 | 13 | 13 | 16 | 11 |
6. | The Djatkovsky | 24 | 26 | 3 | 12 | 1 |
7. | The Zhirjatinsky | 17 | 25 | 22 | 25 | 16 |
8. | The Zhukovsky | 3 | 17 | 8 | 6 | 5 |
9. | The Zlynkovsky | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 24 |
10. | The Karachevsky | 14 | 10 | 7 | 9 | 6 |
11. | The Kletnjansky | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 23 |
12. | The Klimovsk | 15 | 11 | 19 | 19 | 25 |
13. | The Klintsovsky | 5 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 |
14. | The Komarichsky | 16 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 4 |
15. | The Krasnogorsky | 20 | 18 | 18 | 15 | 27 |
16. | The Mglinsky | 13 | 21 | 17 | 13 | 22 |
17. | The Navlinsky | 23 | 23 | 26 | 26 | 15 |
18. | The Novozybkovsky | 9 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 9 |
19. | The Pogarsky | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 20 |
20. | The Pochepsky | 6 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 12 |
21. | The Rognedinsky | 27 | 16 | 21 | 20 | 1 |
22. | The Sevsky | 21 | 6 | 14 | 14 | 21 |
23. | The Starodubsky | 10 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 3 |
24. | The Suzemsky | 25 | 20 | 25 | 24 | 19 |
25. | The Surazhsky | 12 | 24 | 20 | 18 | 26 |
26. | The Trubchevsky | 19 | 8 | 16 | 22 | 18 |
27. | The Unechsky | 7 | 7 | 11 | 10 | 14 |
Table 2.12
Typology of areas of Bryansk area on level and prospects развития1
Level razviyotija | Insufficiently perspective () | Sredneperspektivnyj () | Vysokoperspektivnyj () |
Low (3) | Rognedinsky, Kletnjansky, Krasnogorsky, Zlynkovsky, Suzemsky areas | Vygonichsky, Zhirjatinsky, Navlinsky, Mglinsky, Surazhsky, Klimovsk areas | |
Average (2) | Gordeevsky, Dubrovsky, Trubchevsky, Sevsky areas | Pochepsky, Klintsovsky, Unechsky, Karachevsky, Djatkovsky areas | |
High (1) | Bryansk, Pogarsky, Zhukovsky, Novozybkovsky, Brasovsky, Starodubsky, Komarichsky areas |
In relation to each allocated group of areas the regional authorities offer the differentiated strategy of development in which basis the alignment principle is put not, and a principle further razviyotija the most perspective areas. In our opinion such approach has neyodostatki, consisting that at achievement of tasks in view the big intraregional differentiation of development of agriculture will be observed still. On the other hand, the given approach introduces restrictions on interaction of the enterprises of agriculture between soyoboj.
4. Problems of personnel and demographic character are expressed in the following:
- Outflow of the population from rural settlements in cities and other regions;
- Low level of motivation young profile spetsialiyostov to work on village;
- The low skill level of staff at all levels - up to administrative on which deficiency of experts is observed, spoyosobnyh to operate effective development agricultural predpriyojatija in the conditions of a competitiveness high level;
- Unattractive financial arrangements of work at the agricultural production enterprises. Apparently from 2.19 comparative characteristics presented on fig. monthly average nominal nachislenyonoj wages of workers of the organisations of Bryansk area on economic activities kinds, level of incomes of workers selskohozjajstyovennyh the organisations considerably concedes to other kinds economic deja -
telnosti;
Drawing 2.19 - the Comparative characteristic monthly average nomiyonalnoj the added wages of workers of the organisations of Bryansk area for 2016
- Lower standard of living in village, than in residential locations, both from the point of view of incomes of citizens of region, and on infrastructural filling - development of a transportation network, a retail trade system, obrazovatelyonyh establishments, establishments of public catering and other elements of a social and economic infrastructure.
The carried out research has revealed necessity of working out and priyomenenija organizational-economic mechanisms of development regionalnoyogo agriculture which would allow on a basis ispolyozovanija advantages of the separate enterprises to receive sinergetichesky effect from their interaction. One of such mechanisms is klasteryonyj the approach in management of development of regional agriculture.
More on topic Research of problems of development of agriculture of region:
- Research of a state of the art and tendencies of development of agriculture of region
- 3.2 Research of potential klasterizatsii region agriculture
- Institutsionalnoe regulation in upralenii development of resource potential of agriculture of region
- Design management of region agriculture
- agriculture and agriculture problems
- 3.1 Substantiation of prospects of economic growth in region agriculture on a basis klasternogo the approach
- Modern problems of development of regional system zdravoohraneyonija in maintenance of social and economic growth of region
- § 5.1. Research history alanskogo cattle breeding and agriculture.
- 2.2 Monitoring of realisation of the Government program of development of agriculture in regions.
- 3.2. Development of bankcrediting and insurance with the purposes of strengthening of resource base of agriculture
- 2.3 Development of methodical approaches to a potential estimation klasterizatsii regional agriculture
- 1 Conceptual approaches to management of development of resource potential of regional agriculture
- 3.2. Prospects of development of the internal control in agriculture.
- the Analysis of world and domestic experience of management of development of resource potential regoinalnogo agriculture
- 1 Theoretical bases of development of forms of the state support of agriculture.
- 2. A condition and tendencies of development of the state support of agriculture of Russia.
- 3. Priority directions of development of the state support of agriculture of Russia.
- chapter 1. Theoretical aspects of management of development of resource potential of regional agriculture
- Chapter 2. Methodical aspects of management of development of resource potential of regional agriculture
- Chapter 3. Perfection of tools of efficient control by balanced development of resource potential of regional agriculture