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the State of the art and features of economic development reyogionov (on an example of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory)

Economy of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory following the results of 2017 by data «the Rating of social and economic position subekyotov the Russian Federation» have taken accordingly 2 and 5 places [84].

The Moscow area throughout the last years takes lidirujuyoshchee position on the majority of groups of the indicators characterising ekonoyomicheskuju, social and budgetary spheres that promoted by availability at reyogiona enough strong economic base.

Krasnodar territory also for the last years has achieved essential indicators in social and economic development and has moved from 16 places in 2015 on 4 place in 2017.

As follows from the data presented in table 2.1, scales ekonoyomik the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory are various. The economy of Mosyokovsky area makes practically in 2 times of more goods and services, has considerably bolshy volume of the consolidated budget. In ekonoyomike the Moscow area it is taken on 831,0 thousand persons more than in ekonoyomike Krasnodar territory.

It is necessary to consider also, that the Moscow area on volume proyomyshlennogo productions takes among the Russian regions after a city of Moscow the second place. At the heart of its industrial development the powerful scientific and technical base, present competent trudoyovye resources, and also close interrelations with the industry of of Moscow lays. RazYOvitymi following branches are: mechanical engineering, metal working,

The industry of construction materials, production consumer toyovarov, light industry.

Table 2.1

Indicators of scale of economy of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory

Following the results of 2017 [85]

The subject of the Russian Federation Production volume toyovarov and services, billion rbl. Volume of incomes konyosolidirovannogo the budget, billion rbl. Volume of employment in economy, thousand people
The Moscow area 3824,5 473,3 3450,2
Krasnodaryosky edge 2352,3 296,9 2619,2

In indicators of efficiency of regional economy Moscow obyolast also surpasses the Krasnodar edge.

Table 2.2

Indicators of efficiency of economy of the Moscow area and Krasnodaryosky edge following the results of 2017 [86]

The subject

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Volume proizvodyostva the goods and services on one inhabitant, thousand rbl. on the people Investments into the basic kapiyotal on one inhabitant, thousand rbl. on the people Share pribylyonyh predprijayoty, % The relation zadolyozhennosti under taxes to volume of the acted taxes and tax collections in a budget system of the Russian Federation, %
Moskovyosky obyolast 414,5 88,9 75,1 9,7
Krasnodaryosky edge 387,7 105,7 75,4 12,5

The basis of productive forces of Krasnodar territory is formed at the expense of industrial, building, fuel and energy complexes, oblayo
sti information and communication technologies, and also agropromyshyolennogo, transport, kurortno-recreational and tourist complexes.

The last three directions of activity (agroindustrial, transport, sanatorium and tourist complexes) correspond to priorities of social and economic development of Russia and define the special status of Krasyonodarsky edge in a national economy.

Indicators of budgetary and social spheres of both regions predstavyoleny in tables 2.3 and 2.4.

Table 2.3

Indicators of budgetary sphere of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory

Following the results of 2017 года87

The subject of the Russian Federation Incomes konsoliyodirovannogo the budget on odyonogo the inhabitant, thousand rbl. on cheloyoveka Share of tax and not tax incomes in sumyomarnom volume of incomes konsoliyodirovannogo the budget, % The relation gosuyodarstvennogo a debt to tax and not tax incomes konsoyolidirovannogo the budget, % The relation deyofitsita (-) / proyofita (+) to tax and not tax incomes konsoyolidirovannogo the budget, %
The Moscow area 73,03 90,2 23,4 -0,2
Krasnodaryosky edge 43,19 84,4 82,1 -8,6

Incomes of the consolidated budget on one inhabitant of the Moscow area is higher, than incomes of the consolidated budget on one inhabitant of Krasnodar territory.

Thus, that scales of economy of regions differ almost twice, indicators in social sphere of subjects of the Russian Federation do not differ so sharply (except for a rate of unemployment that can be explainable affinity to to Moscow).

87 It is made by the author. A source: the Rating of social and economic position subekyotov the Russian Federation. Results of 2017//RIAREJTING Russia today. M, 2018. 63 with.

Table 2.4

Indicators of social sphere following the results of 2017 года88

The subject of the Russian Federation The relation denezhyonyh population incomes to stoiyomosti the fixed set of consumer goods and services, times Level bezyorabotitsy, % Expected prodolzhiyotelnost lives at a birth, years Level mladenyocheskoj smertnoyosti, number of children who have died in vozyoraste till 1 year, on 1000 rodivyoshihsja
Moscow obyolast 2,69 3,3 71 4,9
Krasnodar territory 2,34 6,0 72 5,4

Also it is necessary to notice, that from 2008 for 2017 in quality odyonogo from priority directions of activity of administration of Krasnodaryosky edge was perfection of system of social support otyodelnyh categories of citizens by means of fulfilment state objazayotelstv on granting of social payments, allowances and indemnifications. In the regional budget of Krasnodar territory 8 years of realisation of Strategy of sotsiyoalno-economic development of Krasnodar territory prior to 2020, razraboyotannoj to execute substantive provisions of the Federal law from June, 28th, 2014 № 172-FZ «About strategic planning in Russian FederaYOtsii», the Law of Krasnodar territory from November, 6th, 2015 № 3267-KZ «About strayotegicheskom planning and indicative plans of social and economic development in Krasnodar territory» on granting of social payments izrasyohodovano 134,8 billion roubles that has allowed region to leave on the same pokazayoteli, as the Moscow area.

In a rating of competitiveness of regions of Russia (AV RCI) Moskovyosky area (4,01) and Krasnodar territory (4,11) have entered into the first five. At

88 It is made by the author. A source: the Rating of social and economic position subekyotov the Russian Federation. Results of 2017//RIAREJTING Russia today. M - 2018. 63 with.
It authors of a rating recognised that AV RCI - the Index konkurentospoyosobnosti regions depends on stimulation of growth of competitiveness in following key directions (AV Competitiveness):

- The markets (products and economic complexes);

- Institutes (state, private and public);

- The human capital;

- Innovations and the information capital;

- The prirodno-resource capital;

- Space and real capital;

- Investments and a banking capital [87] (fig. 2.1 see).

Fig. 2.1 Competitive advantages of regions-leaders [88]

As follows from the data presented on fig. 2.1, as the basic competitive advantages of Krasnodar territory investments, a real capital, the markets, institutes act natural reyosursy.

In the Moscow area competitive advantages are in bolshej investment degrees, the real capital, institutes, human kayopital. It is possible to assume, that defect of natural resources of Moskovyosky area are compensated by a development high level chelovecheyoskogo the capital.

In 1990 and 2000th the major competitive advantages supplying growth of economy of the Moscow area, were affinity to to Moscow and relative cheapness of major factors of production. SegoYOdnja in the conditions of an adverse external conjuncture the major role igyoraet ability to make and introduce an innovation to grant ekonoyomike shots of the necessary qualification and a necessary business infrastructure, to supply all kinds of support - financial, organizational, markeyotingovuju. At the same time, activization of use of these competitive preyoimushchestv requires the co-ordinated efforts of the power and business. Moscow obyolast concerns regions with most diversifitsirovannoj and "not raw" structure of economy. Here the potential of world level (the quarter of all researches and development of Russia is made), including eight naukogradov is concentrated technological and scientifically-isyosledovatelsky. In area predstavyoleny leading federal high schools, the mobile regional system of the average vocational education is generated. There is a network of central objects mezhduyonarodnoj logistics.

However the reached successes in importozameshchenii both export of goods and services is, frequently, result of often individual both isolated efforts, and the economic potential of region is opened not completely.

As the greatest economic growth prihoyoditsja on trade and services both in the Moscow area, and in Krasnodar territory follows from table 2.5.

Development of regional economy in many respects depends on the size vloyozhennyh investments. In table 2.5 «growth poles» economy of two subjects are indicated.

Table 2.5

Structure of economy of poles of growth of the Moscow area and Krasnodar

Edges, %91

The subject

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

promyshlenyonost DobyvajuYOshchie proyoizvodstva SelYO

skoe hozjajyo

stvo

InformatsiYOonnye tehnoyologii TorYO

govlja

UsYOlugi
The Moscow area 17,7 0,2 2,7 12,0 31,0 36,4
Krasnodaryosky edge 12,4 0,6 10,3 17,1 32,7 26,9

On an indicator of investments into a fixed capital Krasnodar territory and the Moscow area took in 2017 according to 2 and 3 (5 on the country) meyosto after of Moscow among regions-leaders on an index konkurentosposobyonosti (fig. 2.2).

Fig. of 2.2 Investments into a fixed capital in regions-leaders on an index konyokurentosposobnosti, million US dollars

91 It is made by the author. A source: the Forum of Strategists - 2017 Russia 2030: poljusy growth//[the Electronic resource] URL: http://www.forumstrategov.ru/UserFiles/Files/LC-AV _ % 20RCI - 16_Growth%20Poles%20161022-04.pdf (date of the circulation of 27.09.2018)

Krasnodar territory and the Moscow area are included into the first three liyoderov - the regions of the country having maximum investment poyotentsialom at minimum investment risk [89].

Both regions are included into first ten subjects of the Russian Federation on volume of a gross regional product (see table 2.6).

Table 2.6

The contribution of most economically developed regions in VRP Russia

The subject

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Volume

VRP in 2010, billion rbl.

Place in 2010 Volume

VRP in 2012

To year, billion rbl.

Place in 2012 Volume

VRP in 2014, billion rbl.

Place in 2014 Volume

VRP in 2017

To year, billion rbl.

Place in 2017
Moskovyosky obyolast 1 832,9 3 2 357,1 3 2 705,6 3 3824,5 2
Krasnoyodarsky edge 1 028,3 7 1 459,5 6 1 792,0 5 2352,3 4

As follows from the data presented in table 2.6, Moscow obyolast invariably took the advanced places on volume of a gross regional product. Krasnodar territory, in 2005 took on the given indicator deyosjatoe a place, in 2008 - the seventh place, in 2012 the-sixth, in 2014 the-fifth, in 2017 - the fourth place. A basis of positive dynamics socially-ekonomiyocheskogo developments of Krasnodar territory was creation of conditions for competitiveness development, removal of bureaucratic barriers, small-scale business support, maintenance of access equal in rights for all market participants to gosudaryostvennomu to the order.

To Krasnodar territory the first place in Russia on volume selyoskohozjajstvennogo productions, the second - on housing accommodation input, the third - on volume of retails and volume of paid services to the population, the fourth - on a turn-over is taken away
Public catering, the fifth - on volume of the executed civil work, the sixth - on volume of involved investments.

Dynamics of investments into economy of Krasnodar territory is presented in table 2.7.

Table 2.7

Dynamics of level of investments across Krasnodar territory [90]

Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Investments into a fixed capital, million rbl. 589623 711720 798476 955208 750236 586903 435095 484105
Quantum index of investments in osyonovnoj the capital, in proyotsentah to previous year 141,5 120,7 112,2 119,6 78,5 78,2 74,1 111,3

From table 2.7 follows, that since 2010 there is a level increase inveyostitsy, that, first of all, has been connected with the big investments into development of a city of Sochi. Realisation «Олимпиада-2014» has required building of a considerable quantity of objects of an infrastructure, roads, sports komplekyosov and stadiums, hotel complexes, parks. The city has acquired the status deyolovogo the centre.

At the same time, since 2014 falling of level of investments as building of a various sort of Olympic objects was finished is marked. By 2017 level of investments has been fixed on a mark of 435095 million rbl. that is less on 520113 million rbl., in comparison with an investment level in 2013 [91].

Despite negative dynamics of volume of investments into a fixed capital following the results of 2016-2017, caused by end of building of Olympic objects, its relation to VRP Krasnodar territory for posled -
ny year has made 26,21 % that moderately positive impact on uroyoven appeal of region has made. Thus it is necessary to expect further sniyozhenija volume of government capital expenditures at the expense of high base of 2012-2014 and its further stabilisation at level of 15-20 % to VRP.

As a whole, following the results of 2017 the essential increase investitsionyonoj activity in comparison with 2016 is noted on economic activities kinds: production metallurgical (in 1,7 times); production of coke and petroleum (in 1,4 times); production of articles of food (in 1,4 times); production of chemical substances and chemical products (in 1,2 times). Historical significances of volumes investment vloyozheny in chemical production, and also as a whole on agriculture are Besides, reached. One of the factors which have affected given results, became reayolizatsija a significant amount modern hi-tech proyoektov, organically combining both intensive, and extensive managing types.

As a whole, since 2012, in Krasnodar territory dynamics in agriculture and industrial production (fig. 2.3 see) is observed poloyozhitelnaja.

Fig. 2.3 Dynamics of the basic indicators of economic development of Krasnoyodarsky edge for 2010-2017 (in % by 2007) [92]

During 2010-2017 in edge it is placed in operation more than 32,3 million

Sq. m of premises (fig. 2.4).

Fig. 2.4 Input in Krasnodar territory action of apartment houses, thousand sq. m of a total area [93]

Throughout eight years Krasnodar territory keeps lidirujuyoshchie items on volume of the housing accommodation placed in operation: the first place in Southern federal district and the second place in the Russian Federation (after the Moscow area).

Dynamics of building of housing accommodation in the Moscow area is presented on fig. 2.5.

At the same time, as shows the validity, now from regional economy creation new competitive preimuyoshchestv is required, allowing to save or increase growth rates on new urovyonjah economic development.

Now increase of requests to quality potreyobitelskih the goods and services, a living environment that creates necessary stiyomuly for growth of innovations and development of modern digital economy is noticed.

The factors transferred above, unconditionally, influence and on dolgoyosrochnye prospects of development of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory, that, in turn, promotes preservation and strengthening by these regions
The liderskih items in a competitiveness for the human capital and investiyotsii.

Fig. 2.5 Dynamics of commissioning of apartment houses in the Moscow area, thousand sq. m of the general площади97

It is necessary to notice also, that on social and economic development isyosleduemyh regions significant effect is rendered by the crisis phenomena caused both internal, and external negative factors. To tayokim to factors follow to carry, first of all, fall in prices on petroleum and other primary goods of the Russian export, and also external economic sankyotsii against Russia, caused by the conflict in the east of Ukraine. DejYOstvie the indicated factors it is accompanied by decrease in an export gain and a significant capital outflow.

Economy of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory slow down the growth and enter into recession under the influence of the general slowing down of growth rates ekoyonomiki the countries. Thus it is necessary to consider, that essential oslableyonie a rouble exchange rate opens certain possibilities for importozameshche - nija (first of all, in agroindustrial sector, a number of branches mashinoyostroenija). However, it, frequently, renders also negative effect on

97 It is made by the author. A source: the Moscow area: the Statistical collection. 201 7. [An electronic resource] URL: http://msko.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/msko/re-sources/fb290c8048c3 e1818630d6f7eaa5adf2 / % D0%91%D 1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B 5%D1%82_2017.pdf (date of the circulation of 28.04.2018)
Activity of subjects of some economic activities kinds in kratkoyosrochnoj to prospect. The share of an import component in expenses of many otyoraslej remains to the processing Russian industry rather znachiyotelnoj, that limits potential of increase of competitiveness and importozameshchenija.

In the social plan the basic risks connected with easing of rouble, are caused by rise in price of import consumer goods, that privoyodit to decrease in buying power of the population.

At the same time, the developed environmental conditions which are available significant internal resources, conducted by the Government of the Russian Federation of the politician importozameyoshchenija, can promote development of the industry, rural hozjajyostva investigated regions that social and economic development of the country can promote both to growth VRP, and their investment in.

Thus, investigated regions have a necessary set of resources for sharing in formation of new (innovative) model razviyotija the countries, to become leaders innovative, tehniko-vnedrencheskogo type of development of the country, to promote development of the new markets not raw eksyoporta, to supply effective importozameshchenie.

All it defines necessity of studying of the questions connected with poyovysheniem of productivity of non-material factors with the purposes of an all-around development of regional economy.

2.2

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A source: NAZAROV Alexey Jurevich. INCREASE of PRODUCTIVITY of NON-MATERIAL FACTORS of DEVELOPMENT of REGIONAL ECONOMY. The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of a Cand.Econ.Sci. Kursk - 2019. 2019

More on topic the State of the art and features of economic development reyogionov (on an example of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory):

  1. 3.4. A quantitative estimation of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory on productivity of non-material factors of development of economy
  2. the Comparative estimation of productivity nematerialyonyh factors of development of the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory
  3. the Basic directions of strategy and development programs ekonoyomik the Moscow area and Krasnodar territory with allowance for influences neyomaterialnyh factors
  4. 2.2 Monitorings of a state of the art and an estimation of potential of development of the local market of meat and meat production (on an example of the Voronezh area) [60]
  5. perfection of practice of application of institute of the free economic area in territory of Republic of Crimea and a city of Sevastopol
  6. 3.3. A substantiation of necessity of creation and development SEZ in territory of the Kaliningrad area.
  7. chapter 1. The State of the art of approaches to revealing of infringements of economic interests of the state in tax sphere
  8. 3. REGIONAL PRACTICE of CREATION And DEVELOPMENT of INDUSTRIAL PARKS IN TERRITORY of LIPETSK AREA
  9. 1.2.4. Problems of power supply of Krasnodar territory
  10. the State of the art and prospects of development of not state pension funds in Russia
  11. 4.8 Krasnodar territory - prospects of creation OEZ
  12. 3.3 Free economic zones in Russia: the state of the art
  13. the Role of basic universities in social and economic development of territory
  14. 3.1. Industrial parks in Russia: a state of the art and development prospects