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Theoretical aspects of studying

Speed of transformation of biosphere year from a year increase. On the Earth there were few places which have been not mentioned by economic activities of the person. The area of the earths agricultural and an industrial function, the urbanised territories extends, speed and volume of a cargo transportation increases.

In an event context the big urgency one of fundamental problems of biogeography - a problem global bioticheskogo an exchange and moving of organisms as finds result of multilateral activity of the person (Tishkov, 1993; Tishkov, etc., 1995). Owing to process of "homogenization" of biosphere there is an irreplaceable loss of a biological variety, stability ekosistem decreases, alien kinds take root (biological invazii), potential possibility of evolution, florogeneza and so forth (Adventivnaja flora is reduced..., 2004; Gorchakovsky, 1979, 1984; Walter, 1982; Isakov, etc., 1980; Mirkin, Naumov, 2001).

Biological invazijami it is considered to be process of introduction of alien kinds, as result: the natural moving connected with fluctuations of number and climatic changes; deliberate introduktsii and reintroduktsii important in the economic and aesthetic relation of organisms; casual drift with ballast waters, import agricultural production, luggage, with intended introdutsirovannymi kinds (Vinogradova, etc., 2010, with. 3).

the Quantity biological invazy grows from year to year, economic losses of the states from activity invazionnyh kinds reach billions dollars. In 1992 in Rio-De-Zhanejro the world community has supported the Convention on a biological variety (the Convention., 1995). Its important requirement is working out of measures on suppression bioinvazy, to softening of their consequences and monitoring. The same year the convention has been signed by the Russian Federation. Thus, Russia has incurred responsibility before the world community and citizens of the country for realisation described above measures. However, from the beginning of 1990th in territory of our country monitoring and the detailed analysis of quarantine kinds (Tishkov, etc., 1995 has stopped; the National report., 1997), that promoted strengthening of their positions and expansion of anthropogenous areas.

on August, 31st, 2002 the government of the Russian Federation had been approved the Ecological doctrine in which frameworks working out and realisation at national level of system of actions for prevention

uncontrollable distribution of alien kinds and liquidation of consequences already occurred invazy (Vinogradova, etc., 2010) is provided.

to Predict results biological invazy it is very difficult. Except decrease in economic value ekosistem, the alien kinds which have suffered from introduction, steadfast attention are demanded by the kinds harming to health of the person. The most known examples of such influence is Heracleum sosnowskyi and kinds of sort Ambrosia. Besides, the big fears cause hybridization prospects in experts invazionnyh kinds with native flora that can lead to occurrence new more proof to factors of the environment of the hybrids, capable is successful to compete for resources of environment.

under existing forecasts (Global biodiversity..., 2000; Hulme, 2007) in intermediate term prospect the number invazionnyh kinds in the world and in Russia will increase critically. If effective monitoring is not organised and effective measures on struggle against them consequences can be the extremely negative both for a national economy, and for the population are developed.

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A source: the Biogeographical estimation of the structural organisation and spatial placing invazionnoj fraktsiiflory in territory of the Voronezh area. 2014

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