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Chapter 1. The GENERAL PROBLEMATICS of LOANS

The questions of mutual language influence closely connected with history of languages and their carriers, draw to themselves attention of many linguists. The basic principle of studying of history of language in a close connection with society history allows to enrich our representations about relations of one people with another, that finds reflexion in language, first of all, in lexicon.

Many works of the Russian and foreign authors are devoted theoretical and practical problems of loan (Arnold 2012; Blumfild 1960; Bragin 1976; 1978; Volodarsky 2001; 2002; Domashnev 2005; Zelenin 1991; Zemsky 2008; Ivanov 2003; Krongauz 2016; Krysin 1968; 1996; Lekant 2007; Moskalsky 2003; Ogienko 1915; Sepir 2001, JArtseva 1985, etc.) In the Russian linguistics Russicisms in German language investigated V.M.Zhirmunsky [Zhirmunsky 1948], K.A.Levkovskaja [Levkovsky 1956], E. V.Rozen [Rozen 1971; 1976; 1991], N.I.Filicheva [Filicheva 2003], etc. In Germany Russicisms investigated G.Bilfeldt [Bielfeldt 1967], F.Vick [Wick 1939], S.Kols [Kohls 1969], I.Ostmann [Ostmann 2014] and A.Pirozhkov [Pirojkov 2002], etc. Authors of these researches, and also many other things scientists have brought the contribution to studying of loans and process of their development. In the present dissertation attempt of the analysis of a problem of occurrence of Russian-speaking loans in system of German language is undertaken.

In the German linguistics the important research in the field of loans there is F.Zajlera's monography «Die Entwicklung der deutschen Kultur im Spiegel des deutschen Lehnworts» («development of the German culture in a mirror of loans in German language») [Seiler 2014], for the first time published in the beginning of XX century, and sustained some reprintings, last of which concerns 2014 Detailed research of history of German language is monography P background polentsa «Deutche Sprachgeschichte» («History of German language») [Polenz 1994], besides, P background polents - the author of some other works devoted to a problem of loans.

Research of specificity of occurrence, development and functioning of lexicon of an origin speaking another language is complicated by that is not present till now the standard theory of loan which would be based on uniform representation about the linguistic nature of this phenomenon, uniform consistently applied terminology.

In this chapter necessary theoretical preconditions are given and the initial concepts used in work are defined. The reasons causing process of loan are analyzed, and also various classifications of Russicisms in German language are considered.

1.1

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A source: Centner Maria Sergeevna. RUSSICISMS In GERMAN LANGUAGE. The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of a Cand.Phil.Sci. Kaluga - 2017. 2017

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  9. 2. The basic currents and a problematics of socially-philosophical thought.
  10. Conceptually-terminological aspects of a problematics
  11. the Filosofsko-Aksiologichesky problematics dilogii
  12. Classifications of loans
  13. Classifications of loans in Russian
  14. § 3. A problematics of atypical contracts and the doctrine about contract Aristona
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  16. the prepotent philosophical basis of a moral problematics of Pushkin.
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