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CONCLUSIONS UNDER THE HEAD:

1. Up to 30th years of the XX-th century in the USA there was no uniform system of national prospecting services. The departmental prospecting services which were available as a part of the separate federal ministries in aggregate did not constitute organizational unity and were not capable to solve national prospecting problems.

Only after election on a post of the US president of Franklin D.Roosevelt within the limits of its realisation of "the New course" the first have been undertaken (only rather successful) attempts to consolidate isolated departmental investigations and to create uniform national prospecting system. Therefore, even in spite of the fact that as a whole the ways of centralisation of prospecting activity chosen by Roosevelt have not sustained check by time, about the period of presidency of Franklin of Roosevelt it is necessary to speak as about time of the beginning of formation of national prospecting system of the USA.

2. Though does not raise the doubts that fact, that the beginning to formation of modern prospecting system of the USA has put acceptance by the Congress of the USA of the Law on national safety of 1947, the fact of acceptance of the given law hardly should be considered as the event having revolutionary value for development of system of prospecting services of the USA. The given law has fixed only the general tendency to gradual centralisation of the American investigation, however, neither formation of prospecting community of the USA, nor investment of the director of the central investigation with operating functions concerning departments a part prospecting community was not supposed in that edition of the law which has been accepted by the Congress in 1947. Statute fastening of the initial base to building of the future national prospecting system became the basic merit of the Law on national safety of 1947 (with reference to development of system of prospecting services of the USA). Formation of the American national prospecting system, and subsequently and prospecting community of the USA, proceeded evolutionary by throughout all next six decades of the American history. Thus the Law on national safety became both a starting point of this evolution, and original "the legal base" on which, at the expense of the subsequent amendments of additions and the changes introduced in the law throughout six decades, the modern legislative basis of the organisation of the American investigation gradually was built.

3. Legislative fastening of the status and structure of prospecting community the Law on the organisation of investigation of 1992, become by a component of the Law on national safety of 1947, was a natural consequence of development of a legal basis of the organisation of the American investigation. Within the limits of the general tendency of strengthening of influence of laws on development of a legal basis of the organisation and investigation activity a legal basis of the organisation of prospecting community of the USA it was originally limited only to the general mention of the fact of existence of community in executive orders of presidents of Ford (№ 11905) and Carter (№ 12036). Further the executive order of president Reagan published in 1981 № 12333 has listed the basic departments which are a part of prospecting community. At last, fastening of the status and structure of prospecting community of the USA in the federal act became a logic result of this process.

4. The law prospecting reform and counteraction to terrorism of 2004 became a logic consequence of development of prospecting community of the USA in previous decades. It has divided powers of the director of the central investigation between two new officials: the director of national investigation who is at the head of prospecting community and the independent director of CIA. Simultaneously this law has finished long process of gradual refusal of the mechanism of coordination of prospecting activity as key mechanism of association of departmental prospecting services in the centralised prospecting system. On change of coordination of prospecting activity mechanisms of direct operating influence on members of prospecting community from the director of national investigation who are carried out first of all by means of distribution of budgetary financing within the limits of the national prospecting program have come.

5. Military-prospecting services, acting as the American national prospecting system integral a part, form, nevertheless, the independent subsystem called by military-prospecting community of the USA. Association of military-prospecting services in voennorazvedyvatelnoe community of the USA is predetermined by their organizational generality (all military-prospecting services are included into structure of the Ministry of Defence), centralisation of management by military investigation (military-prospecting services owing to their structural accessory to the Ministry of Defence are subordinated to the Minister of Defence of the USA), a generality of problems on maintenance of requirements of the Ministry of Defence in the prospecting information. It is reasonable to assume, that certain organizational isolation of military-prospecting services will remain and in the future. At the same time, it is obvious as well that process of their further integration into prospecting community of the USA will proceed.

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A source: Dundukov Michael Jurevich. INVESTIGATION In the MACHINERY OF GOVERNMENT of the USA (ISTORIKO-LEGAL ASPECT). The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of the doctor of juridical science. Moscow 2014. 2014

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