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2.2.2. The analysis of results of experiment №2.

The analysis of subjective definitions of investigated words with a support on a context without the translational comment

The analysis of the reactions received in the second experiment, has allowed to reveal a number of support to which resorted Ii.

At interpretation KS in the text. In subjective definitions Ii. To KS from fragments of modern fiction action of units of a kernel of a mental lexicon was reflected also. As reactions at subjective definitions of unit of a kernel acted independently and as a part of the word-combinations which kernel they were. This results from the fact that Ii. Tried to explain value not only for itself, but also for "another". As shown in N.O.Zolotovoj's [2005] researches, a problem of an explanation of one words through others words of a kernel of a mental lexicon most full answer.

The allocated support are located in decreasing order their urgencies. The words belonging to a kernel of a mental lexicon of native speakers of Russian, are underlined in reactions Ii.

• the Support on an external verbal context. The external context helps to design a mental image of all situation on which basis it is created reprezentatsija KS (see the example, MIDINETKA «prefers to actors of grand dukes», means, she is a prostitute; «speak on KAZHYONE» - speak in any language; use any language; «to prepare KISHLOREN» - to prepare any dish; «to pour PICKET» - to pour any drink). If in the text there is a speech about a manner of the heroine «to carry very large REDINGOTES», Ii. Understand, that the REDINGOTE - clothes, trousers, a coat, a dress.

• the Support on a functional sign of the subject designated KS (the example if «Amazon will sew» it is any clothes, a dress see,
Suit; if «STETSON pull over eyebrows» it is any cap, a headdress; if «to play TRAPPEROV» it is any game, to play Cossacks-robbers, game in snipers; if «studied BIBOP» studied dance, danced, fashionable dance).

• the Support on emotionally-estimated experiences (see an example if «to pour cheap PICKET» - to pour port, gniluhu, cheap wine; if «you live as if SKVOTERY» - as if vagabonds, cattle, bomzhuete; «In this business you - big BVANA» - the clever man, the expert, the layman, the fool, the clever person, the silly person; «You drink, and your jacket has through become permeated with the smell RAKLETOM» - a dustbin, vodka, spirit, beer, musorkoj, muck, peregarom, wine, i.e. something bad and unpleasant, that is peculiar for the drinking person).

• the Support on transfer of a part of a word. We have carried some subjective definitions to attempt Ii. To give transfer of a part of a word and to "finish thinking" about value through a context. It is necessary to notice, that similar support not always promoted a word cognizance (the example see, MIDINETKA - the seamstress leaving at midday on a lunch break) was identified Ii. As the woman of middle class, the woman/girl of secondary education, the mediocre woman, poludenka, the woman/girl of middle age as midi in French designates midday, half/middle. Thus, incorrect identification KS MIDINETKA without the translational comment postpones a projection of the text of the reader from a projection of the text of the author. In postexperimental interrogation Ii. Have stated the surprise by misunderstanding of why the woman with secondary education or middle class should «prefer to actors of grand dukes».

• the Support on formal signs of a word. At processing of materials we have come to conclusion, that at a meeting with unfamiliar word Ii. Sometimes resort to familiar morphemes and chains of phonemes/graphemes as to the basic

To elements. The parts of a word meeting in other known for Ii can be these elements. Words. Support can be as on prefixal, suffixal, root elements, and on chains of graphemes/morphemes similar on zvukobukvennomu to a complex with in other words. L.V.Bankevich names these parts «key points» which serve as a magnet for pulling of other words [Bankevich 1981: 27] (see the example, «Koko - simply

MIDINETKA... »(Seamstress): a puppet;« In this business you - big BVANA »(the leader of a tribe): the blockhead;« They that, members of any sect ILLJUMINATOV »(sects of Bavaria): a window;« Filiber has preferred SORBET »(fruit ice-cream): shcherbet, a dessert, any dessert;« it is fine, time should be played trapperov. »(North American hunters) - snipers;« While coevals studied BIBOP »(dance) - hip-hop;« They speak on KAZHYONE »(a dialect of inhabitants Luizany) - on a slang.

For bolshej presentation degree of an urgency of support at Ii. It is represented in drawing (fig. 8 see). The analysis of subjective definitions Ii. To KS from fragments of modern fiction has allowed to allocate as the basic strategy strategy of identification of a word through an external verbal context. As fairly marks N.M.Tkachenko, at word identification in a context formal signs of a word become irrelevant, and search of words is conducted on a number of semantic signs which «are crossed with each other and unite words in different group sorts» [Tkachenko 2007: 7]. Association of words on sense thus reflects knowledge of an informant of the world, and search and identification of words in memory of the person can be based on combinations of formal signs with signs semantic [Tkachenko 2007].

Percentage parity of support

Fig. 8. Degree of an urgency of support at Ii. At interpretation KS in the text

KS in the text its perception is not isolated by the individual also accompanied by perception of integrity of a fragment of an art reality with extraction from memory of some individual situational context, leaning on which Ii. Also build assumptions. On example KS MIDINETKA (fig. 9 see) we will consider degree of an urgency of support at Ii.

The word "midinetka" (midinette) has entered into the French language in the end of XIX century and means: 1) the young Parisian fashionable seamstress; 2) the naive sentimental girl [Le Petit Larousse 1994]. It is possible to formulate following conclusions which are visually represented in drawing, concerning identification of word MIDINETKA in the text. 78 % Ii. Leant against a context and emotionally-estimated experiences at word identification; 10 % Ii. - on transfer of a part of a word (midi); 5 % Ii. - on formal signs; 7 % Ii. Have refused to give definitions. Ii. Could not distinguish value of it lakunizirovannogo a word. After T.V.Pshyonkinoj, we consider, that the «markirovannee a sign in cultural a universum of translating language, the
Less its interpretive force, the is required to more information at its transfer »[Pshyonkina 2005: 123].

Fig. 9. Identification KS MIDINETKA in the text

The support for an image of a situation in the text sometimes causes inconsistent interpretation KS without the comment of the translator. After I.V.Voskresensky, under a situation in the text we understand «the concrete information complex including descriptive and narrativnye elements» [Voskresensky 2007: 10]. So, in D.Fonkinosa's text «idiocy inside out»: «After numerous KVIPROKVO with surprise I find out, that I speak not with mother, and with the neigbour who has come to it» (KVIPROKVO - mess, acceptance of one for another, substitution). Word KVIPROKVO has entered into the French language from Latin in XV century (with Latin «quid pro quo», that means on

French «un quoi pour un ce que»). Ii. Identified this word as dispute, conversation, conversations, inquiries, altercations, debate, quarrel, a party, a drug, pjanka. Obviously, identification has occurred under the influence of transfer of separate parts of a word qui - who, que - that (who proчто - any conversations, conversations, disputes etc.), and also a context, on which Ii. Have made the conclusion, that with surprise to find out something unexpected it is possible after parties, drugs, pjanok. Incorrect interpretation KS cannot reprezentovat the necessary images in consciousness of the reader, and, hence, projections of the text of the author and the reader "not will join" in the absence of the additional information on the maintenance of value KS in the text of the translator.

It is possible to assume, that Ii., trying to give interpretation KS, lean against an external and internal context. Thus, «the judgement of an unknown word and identification of its value by the native speaker occurs not only under the influence of a verbal context», i.e. an external context, but also «owing to direct activation of previous language and encyclopaedic experience, i.e. in frameworks pertseptivno-kognitivnoYoaffektivnogo a context of functioning of a word in individual consciousness, i.e. an internal context» [Tkachenko 2007: 9]. From positions

The psycholinguistic theory of word KS means of actualisation and the subconscious account of specific set of verbal and nonverbal communications on lines pertseptivnogo, kognitivnogo and affective experience of the person »[Zalevsky 1992: 68 69] acts as«.

Thanks to basic elements of the text, vyvodnym to knowledge the reader seizes the main subject word meaning, but cannot give the exact answer in the absence of concrete representation about a subject and insufficient quantity of basic elements. For example, KISHLOREN - any meal, a dish, a national dish; TRAPPERY - the game, any game, cowboy's game etc. On support of a context the reader understands, about what is spoken
As a whole, also builds assumptions concerning allocated KS. We believe, that on results of different assumptions Ii. Various kinds of knowledge (individual, collective, vyvodnoe) have influenced. The associative structure of a word meaning can be considered as access display to the knowledge which is at various deep levels of a lexicon of the person. The word which is treated in psycholinguistics as an accessor to uniform information base of the person - its memories, to individual and social knowledge, «plays a main role in processes of understanding of the text» [Zalevsky 2007].

But, as marks A.A.Zalevsky, «the word in itself, namely that stands up for a word» [Zalevsky 2009: 16] is important not. Because of an incommensurability of cultural filling the same word can not cause those associations which are caused in the reader by a word of the text of the original in the reader of the translation text.

So, in F.Begbedera's fragment of "99 francs» KS RAKLET it has been identified as vodka, spirit, a dustbin, muck, beer, peregar thanks to basic elements «you drink"and"from you smells RAKLETOM». Reactions-definitions Ii. Have appeared are far from the translational comment: « RAKLET - a grade of odorous cheese »(the translator-commentator - I.Volevich). Definitions Ii. Are constructed on the images taken from a daily life in which has begun to smell cheese in Russia does not associate in any way with the drinking person. For the Russian-speaking reader cheese also does not associate with a pungent smell. At the heart of reactions Ii. To KS RAKLET it is possible to allocate as the most actual sign« an alcoholic smell », present in 58 % answers and formulated short: smells as beer, vodka, spirit, wine, перегаром.42 % Ii. Specify in a bad, bad smell: smells as a dustbin, a dump, musorkoj, muck. All definitions Ii. Are marked by the general emotional background which is present at answers. The context causes disapproval, and even neglect, owing to what KS
RAKLET gets negative konnotatsiju at the Russian-speaking reader. Often emotionally-estimated experiences to a word in the text vzaimoobuslovleny a context. In this case negative estimation KS RAKLET speaks that the drinking person cannot smell well. More visually the support on emotionally-estimated experiences, vzaimoobuslovlennaja a context, to KS RAKLET is represented on fig. 10.

Fig. 10. A support on emotionally-estimated experiences

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A source: ZAHAROVA Natalia Vladimirovna. the ROLE of the MADE comments WORD In the PROJECTION of the TEXT of the READER. The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of a Cand.Phil.Sci. Tver - 2014. 2014

More on topic 2.2.2. The analysis of results of experiment №2.:

  1. 3.2.2. The analysis of results of experiment № 2.
  2. 3.2.1. The analysis of results of experiment №1.
  3. 2.2.1. The analysis of results of experiment №1. Coincidence/discrepancy of reader's inquiries by made comments words with the offer of the translator
  4. the Analysis of results of experiment
  5. the Analysis of results of experiment
  6. the analysis of the received results of experiment
  7. the analysis of results of experiment
  8. the analysis of the received results of experiment
  9. 3.2.3. Results of experiment
  10. 3.4.3. Results of experiment
  11. 3.4. Procedure of processing of results of experiment
  12. 3.2 Results of experiment
  13. § 3. Criteria of an estimation of results of investigatory experiment
  14. 3.5.2. Results of the first stage of experiment: the isolated words
  15. results of free psycholinguistic experiment among the Russian Germans of Siberia
  16. 3.5.3. Results of the second stage of experiment: words in a context