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THE BASIC MAINTENANCE OF WORK

In Introduction the urgency of the chosen theme, opredeljajutyosja object, an object of research is proved; its scientific novelty, the practical and theoretical importance raboyoty are formulated the purpose and work problems, rasyokryvajutsja; the material, methodological bases and a technique of the analysis of the art text is characterised; the positions which are taken out on protection are stated.

In chapter 1 «the Modality in language and the text: possibilities modalyonoj the organisations semantic stratuma the art text» rassmatriyovajutsja the theoretical questions connected with treatment of concept of a modality and approaches to its studying; the choice germenevticheskoj metodoloyogii is proved; are discussed: 1) a priority of the description of a semantic aspect of the phenomenon modalyonosti and revealings of intrinsic characteristics of the modality providing coordination of process of manufacture and development of senses in the text; 2) razlicheyonie concepts «modal value» and «modal sense» and bilateral stayotus modalities as categories is functional-semantic and metasmyslo - howl; 3) expression of a conceptual basis of a modality first of all not with poyomoshchju blocks of means of language system, and by means of involvement komyopleksa means tekstopostroenija in the absence of immanent communication between means and opredmechivaemymi in them modal senses; 4) obuslovlenyonost process of formation and development of a language modality by its participation in processes smysloopredmechivanija and smysloraspredmechivanija in the text; 5) presence of a modal semantic skeleton in the text - the modal score rasyopredmechivanija the senses, providing construction of some invariantyonogomehanizma development of senses of the text; 6) the modality description as mehayonizma consolidations semantic stratuma the art text; the specified mechanism, on the one hand, defines transition from level of the maintenance of the text actually to stratumu senses, and on the other hand, provides kategorizayotsiju central senses-modalizatsy and their transition in constant vosproizvodiyomye modal values.

The specified questions have not received enough a full explanation in ramyokah linguistic pragmatists, kognitivnoj linguistics and psiholingvistiyoki, no less than in earlier directions of linguistic thought, or have been described in other foreshortening. Results of the present work testify that the paradigm philological germenevtiki has appeared productive base for consideration of a language modality in its status of the co-ordinator of the basic mechanisms ojazykovlenija activity smysloproizvodstva.

The analysis of relations in a conglomerate of modal means in the language, spent by us in dissertation chapter 1 has allowed to reveal following laws.

1. The modality promotes integration of means of language system (moyodalnye verbs can be characterised by presence and lexical and grammayoticheskogo values, negation with a thought verb in a main clause opreyodeljaet a subjunctive mood choice in additional is similar with purely formal choice in case of transfer of indirect speech, etc.). Association of units of a speech chain within the limits of the text also can be qualified as one more way of demonstration of a modality (more in detail sm: [Galperin 1981: 115, 123; Palmer 1986: 6, 22; Plank 1984; Sweetser 1990; Huddleston 1976: 333]).

At semantic level the concept of integration corresponds to consolidation in respect of extension, escalating and konfigurirovanija individual senses during their activity raspredmechivanija according to the modal score of the text.

2. The modality is a category of the actualisation creating interpreyotatsionnuju a framework. Last prompts an adequate variant interpretayotsii which the recipient according to a plan govorjashcheyogo (on it should choose specifies article functioning in many European languages, use of questions for doubt expression, modiyofikatsija forms in difficult conditional offers according to distinctions in confidence degree etc.) (see more in detail: [Martin 1963: 478; Kostrova 1999: 4; Bybee et al. 1994: 238 and further; Fauconnier 1994: 193; Lyons 1977: 748]). At level of sense of the text actualisation is connected with allocation of the most important senses of everyone klasternogo the block of the modal score that provides invariant similarity of all possible interpretations.

Representation about O.I.Moskal-'s modality skoj is indicative thereupon, which underlines the status of this category as communicative to the certificate - alizatora speech constructions (including texts) [Moskalsky 1981: 119 and further]. The modality is that key which provides creation inyoterpretativnoj the model allowing in reflektivnom dejstvovanii with the text confidently to restore the basic semantic communications.

The most essential criterion defining success ponimayonija of the text, adequacy of such secondary interpretation is. It oznachayoet, that vysvechivanie sides of the senses which are subject raspredmechivaniju, neobyohodimo will mention the cores specified by the modal score smysyoly, that provides their extension, escalating, etc. Instructions of senses and their sides is initiated by concentration reflektivnogo efforts to knots klasteyo
Ditch of the modal score - senses-modalizatsijah and means corresponding to them tekstopostroenija (fig. 1 see, 2).

Fig. 1. The modal score raspredmechivanija senses of the text: vnutriklasternoe interaction

The explanatory: the nuclear sense-modalizatsija (shaded prjamougolyonik) initiates and supervises interaction between subordinates smysyolami.

Fig. 2. The modal score raspredmechivanija senses of the text: mezhklasternoe interaction

The explanatory: mugs with sector division represent klastery moyodalnoj scores, in the middle (kernel) of everyone klastera - nuclear sense - modalizatsija. Klastery are connected in a chain as the reflexion over the text proceeds in time, and reflektivnye actions are built in posledovayotelnost. Relations between klasterami can be both unilateral (1­2), and mutual (3-4). Klastery can be imposed against each other as peripheral to parts: the general subordinated senses at two or more klasterov (5-6); and nuclear parts: the general sense-modalizatsija (7-8).

One of the most important positions in work is modality definition at level of language system as fields of language consciousness, upravyoljajushchego strategy of formation of semantic structure of speech messages (texts). The specified field represents system of the interconnected blocks of modal values, occurrence, the grouping and an establishment opredelyonyonyh relations between which is result modal partiturnogo upoyorjadochivanija semantic structure of texts (the analysis and revealing rassmatrivaeyo
myh laws it was spent on a material of art texts). SoYOglasno germenevticheskoj interpretations of communication of sense and value (Tver germenevticheskaja school) (see more in detail: [Bogin 1989, 2001]), values vozniyokajut as a result of descending kategorizatsii senses - senses to which most often address in certain cultural-language community crystallise and fixed by language system in the form of values, further hranimyh and reproduced already as ready moulds of activity reflekyosii. However there are senses which never in values pass and sushcheyostvujut as limiting ideas, the metasenses existing in space kulyotury and consciousness of its carriers (see more in detail: [Bogatyryov 1996: 71, 76; Galeyev 1999: 96-98]).

In language modal values have the special status. It is connected by that modal senses in the text carry out office function. Modal senses concern a category of most easily identified. The reader at development of space of senses of any text necessarily passes a way preyovrashchenija such senses in values. Values basically are restored not separately, and in the connected blocks. Thus become more active ustanovivyoshiesja in communication language between these values and, in the presence of estimated komyoponentov in the modal score of the text, transition possibility odyonih modal values in others is realised. As a result partially or completely vosyostanavlivaetsja dynamics of communications of the modal device of consciousness. Within the limits of the given concept representations about oppozitivnyh steams (blocks) of modal values, their system, communications between them, a statics and dynamics of this system unite.

The modality is present at the majority of grammatical languages, poyoetomu it is represented, that the offered model of the conceptual bases moyodalnosti will practically work for any language system. In konyokretnom language the modal device of consciousness can be exposed modifikayotsijam in respect of realisation of its dynamics, communications between blocks of values.

The reconstruction of dynamics of the device in its this or that part occurs every time at reflexion work, as senses-modalizatsii as a result of activity on raspredmechivaniju senses of the text kategorizirujutsja; vosstayonavlivajutsja initial modal values and communications between them.

From our point of view, the system of the modal values forming moyodalnoe the device of consciousness, includes four blocks: values neobho - dimosti/possibilities - in aleticheskom, deonticheskom, and also epistemiche - skom aspects; values of will/obligation - as conceptual categories in frameworks deonticheskoj modalities; values of belief/knowledge as subyoektivnaja and the objective parties epistemicheskoj modality interpretations. Also it is necessary to enter the case of values of ability/ability into system, obrazuyojushchih a basis of a dynamic modality.

All blocks of modal values are connected with each other. Such communication has not any character, and it is represented in the form of the ordered system of following type (fig. 3 see)

Fig. 3. The modal device of language consciousness

Direct line designates relations of typical correlation (kinds of possibility, necessity). Unidirectional arrows specify on odnoyostoronnee influence, two-forked - allocate correlative communication. SloYOvo "device" is used by us in value of the mechanism which is responsible for preservation of considered area of language consciousness as parts of the ideal bases of language system. Values in each block of the modal device unite by a principle of coherence of polar concepts, in this case liyonejnaja the scale with opposite poles turns to a circle, the system possessing internal dynamics, eternal system.

The central block of values of system is the opposition of categories of necessity/possibility. The premise of the block of values is necessary - for sti/possibility in the device centre is caused by that the majority znacheyony other blocks appear directly or indirectly with them svjazanyonymi. Values of necessity/possibility are considered as prototipiyocheskie (see: [Ehrman 1966; Tregidgo 1982; Haegeman 1983; Klinge 1993, 1995; Groefsema 1995; Papafragou 2000]) as there is a possibility transyoformatsii all other modal values in values of necessity as suyoshchego actually and possibilities as real in a potentiality in dejstvitelyo
nom the world or actual possibility in other alternative system kooryodinat.

The block of values of belief/knowledge as a basis epistemicheskoj modalities javyoljaetsja the closest transformation of values central oppozitivnoj steams, also considered as the conceptual bases epistemicheskoj moyodalnosti. The block of values of belief/knowledge is placed in drawing in the bottom part of the device. However it does not say about its subordinated position, but only ukayozyvaet that it settles down on device periphery, as though out of it, playing very important role - a role of the starting mechanism. Thus obespechiyovaetsja tsentrobezhnost directions of interaction of values as the centre and periphery appear ontologically connected, representing a feather - expression of the same conceptual block. The premise oppozitivnoj payory beliefs/knowledge in a confirmed position also indirectly is supported svjayozju, established between it and the ability/ability block (compare: Verb "nobility", and also turn «the nobility how to make» as lexical predecessors of modal verbs with value of ability [Bybee et al. 1994: 190]). The block spo - sobnosti/abilities also appears connected with the block it is necessary - for sti/possibility through internal updating of value of possibility (see about it: [Plungjan 2011: 428]).

Besides it if to take into consideration aspiration of many scientists to connect the basic conceptual maintenance of a modality with the relation vyskazyyovanija to the validity it will appear, that expression of really - sti/irreality of the maintenance of the statement is switched off from modal ustrojyostva consciousnesses and should join in the ideal maintenance of other categories, for example, irrealisa or evidentsialnosti. In our opinion, division of blocks of necessity/possibility and the belief/knowledge, defining tsentrobezhyonuju dynamics of the device, is as well as possible capable to describe process jazykoyovoj fixings of conceptual opposition of a reality/irreality. Not looking that aristotelevskoe division real actually and suyoshchego in possibility specifies in potential of realisation of relations of really - sti/irreality by means of the conceptual block of necessity/possibility, the Island Espersen noticed, that necessity/possibility and real - nost/irreality is represented by different conceptual areas [Jespersen 1968: 320]. In our opinion, the starting role of values mentioned above ve - ry/knowledge consists that the parity sign between components etoyogo the block (> or possibility + an emotional estimation). Thus, in the statement there are reference points, thanking kotoyorym understanding process will be directed as directed speaking. Thereby the modality influences functioning of time forms.

On an example of reconsideration of values of time forms it is possible prosleyodit formation of communications in the modal device of consciousness (priyomerami expression «epistemicheskoj distances» in forms proyoshedshego time, development of forms of the future from obligation forms can be such, vyrayozhenie modal and estimated values in forms prospektiva and futurumnogo prezensa, etc.) (see about it: [Plungjan 2011: 352, 362; Bybee et al. 1994: 238, 240; Palmer 1986: 218]).

Huge influence on interaction of modal and time values renders aspect. Subjectivity (in respect of allocation of a position of the subject in kayochestve the defining factor in a choice of a way of expression), following of semantics aspektualnyh forms means communication with a modality. Thus presence of the operator otsenochnosti in the modal device creates conditions for such influence. Aspektualnye values are imposed on time through an estimation (as examples it is possible to mention the perfect status as modal form, form formation prospektiva, genetic and iterative habi - tualisa, a parity perfect and imperfektnyh forms as a basis for razdeyolenija subject and not subject time in the text [Vinogradov 1980: 228­229]). The Epistemichesky estimation is always connected with an establishment of a sign on the relation in the block of belief/knowledge and according to necessity/possibility, that as a result gives qualification of event concerning its reality/irreality.

Interaction time, aspektualnyh and modal values sshiyovaet all language fabric of time - borders between the present, the past and in language are washed away future.

Interaction aspektualnyh, time and modal values in rayobote also is considered as independent means tekstopostroenija, used mainly for opredmechivanija senses-modalizatsy. Thus, sobytijno-taksisnaja the organisation as the plan basis soderzhayonija, can be studied at the account of its ability opredmechivat sense.

Further the table representing revealed features of interaction time, aspektualnyh and modal values (tab. 2 see) is resulted.

Table 2. Interaction of modal values with time and aspektualnymi values

Forms, time Time and aspektualnye values Modal values
The present
Genetic habitualis The present + recurrence Neobhodmost/possibility

^vera/knowledge

Perfect Present + the past

+ Productivity (zavershenyonost)

Necessity/possibility ^vera/knowledge, ability/ability
imperfekt The present + bezrezultativnost (incompleteness) Ability/ability, will
The past
The simple form The past + completeness/incompleteness Necessity/possibility ^vera/knowledge, will
pljuskvamperfekt Passed + predshestvovanie Will
Iterative habitualis The past + recurrence Necessity/possibility

^vera/knowledge

The future
prospektiv The future + bezrezultativnost Will
futurumnyj prezens The future + bezrezultativnost Necessity/possibility

^vera/knowledge

Genetic habitualis The future + recurrence Necessity/possibility

^vera/knowledge

System of time co-ordinates created in the text and it dejkticheskaja the organisation act as making substantsionalnoj frameworks - bases for construction of the modal score raspredmechivanija senses of the text. SleYOdujushchy the fragment from A.S.Pushkin's tragedy «Stone visitor» illustrates possibilities opredmechivanija senses-modalizatsy with the help vzaimodejyostvija modal and aspektualno-time values:

1Всё to the best: unintentionally having killed

2 Don Carlos, the eremite restrained

3 I have disappeared here - and I see every day

4 My charming widow, and it -

It seems to 5 Me, it is noticed. Till now

6 we Were repaired with each other; but today

7 I Will be let in conversations with it; it is time.

8 With what I will begin? I "Will dare"... Or not:

9 "Seigneurs"... ba! That in a head will come,

10 That also I will tell, without predugotovlenja,

11 Improvisator of a love song...

12 It would be time to it to arrive. Without it -

13 I think - misses komandor.

14 What it here is presented by the giant!

15 What shoulders! That for oat-flakes!...

16 And the dead man was small and is sickly,

17 Here, becoming on tiptoe, could not a hand

18 To the it to a nose to hold on.

19 When for Eskurjalom we have converged,

20 he Has come across to me a sword and gauging,

21 As on a pin the dragonfly - and was

22 It is proud and dared - and the spirit had the severe...

23 And! Here it (A.S.Pushkin «the Stone visitor»),

The considered stanza of a scene comprises short retelling izyovestnyh and events unknown to the reader. So, in the previous scene the hero has killed Don Carlos, the brother komandora. He decides to disappear in a monastery, where poseshchayoet a tomb of husband Donna Anna. The feeling of love to her already has had time to develop, also as well as feeling of jealousy to komandoru. Directly in the given monologue on it specifies a part where Don Guan sneers at the contender who «was small and it is sickly», and has died as "dragonfly" instead of as the severe giant, kotoyorym represents its gravestone monument.

We will subject to the direct analysis only a parity of aspekyotualno-time and modal values. The specified interaction vystuyopaet as independent means opredmechivanija the sense curtailed within the limits of the considered part of the modal score. As vzaimodejyostvie values concerns maintenance level the formed type modalyonoj scores can be defined within the limits of strategy presuppozirovanija and correlations which co-operate in the given text fragment.

Chronologically the earliest event of the plan of the maintenance is duyoel with komandorom (lines 19-22). As it was spoken above, telling the reader about duel, Don Guan derides the opponent. Used forms proyoshedshego represent to time of Don Guana with its caustic irony such what it was to the love to Donna Anna. With the same description of duel are connected stroyoki 16-18. In 16th line Don Guan addresses to the person komandora, trying to convince readers and that Don Guan was unworthy love and honours which his wife continues to render it and after death. It is indicative, that in 16th and 22nd lines it is used imperfekt which delimits the given substantial block. Frame repetition imperfektnoj forms has and smysyolovuju loading: Don Guan and has not convinced itself of in what wanted. Compare: « Was small and is sickly "-" and it was proud and dared ». Simultaneously the hero cannot poyonjat, than it is worse than the contender, it too is proud and dared, about what all its previous life speaks. The essential moment is also"vtjagivayonie"in imperfektnuju a framework of the form of a subjunctive mood:« Here, becoming on tiptoe, could not. », the Offer comprises the assumption, otyonosjashcheesja not only to the past, but also to the uncertain present. BlagoYOdarja to use dejktika"here"the present becomes quite konkretyonym. The image komandora revives through communication of values of the present and passed in this substantial block. Dead komandor is real soperniyo
Clod live Guana. Thus, the maintenance influences on raspredmechivanie sense (presuppozitivnaja strategy).

Value of the present is presented and in lines 12-15 where with the help nastojayoshchego graphic, bezglagolnyh elliptichnyh exclamatory predloyozheny the statue is described and informed, that komandor "misses" on the wife. Use hypothetical «I think» specifies in confidence. It is a case when the semantic plan unequivocally defines a parity in kateyogoriziruemom the block of values of necessity/possibility and thought, vyskazyyovaemaja Don Guanom, sounds categorically. For the hero komandor - live dejyostvujushchee the person, capable to punish the offender. Interaction of time plans of lines 12-15 and 16-22 specifies in desire of Don Guana to believe in obyoratnoe: that komandor then, especially, now in the false appearance cannot punish it.

Lines 1-11 represent interaction various aspektualnoyovremennyh the values which arrangement corresponds to a course of reflexions of the hero which connects past events (having killed, has disappeared) through the present (I see, it is noticed) with the future (will be let in, will begin, will dare, will come, will tell). EsteYOstvennoe time movement is not broken. All three time plans okazyvayojutsja merged in a single whole and data simultaneously, but at the same time disyokretno with the greatest accent on the future. Opredmechivaemyj vzaimodejstviyoem aspektualno-time values sense «the desire of happiness» in turn will organise interaction of time forms in other lines of a stanza. TaYOkim in the image, interaction of levels of the maintenance and sense has mutual character (korreljativnaja strategy). The hero searches for possible barriers on a way fortunately in the past and the present. Substantially it is expressed in circulation to the person komandora. Don Guan tries to convince itself that komandor is not now a hindrance, after all in the past the hero already has overthrown it. But the past denies its arguments. In this part at maintenance level has meyosto interaction of time and modal values. So, communication between proyoshlym and the actual present is in addition highlighted in gipoteticheyoskom the playful assumption («Here, becoming on tiptoe, could not...»), also as well as in investment dead komandora feelings («I think... Misses»). poyoslednee also it is made out in the form of the assumption. Interaction modalyonyh and time values opredmechivaet sense-modalizatsiju «neotvratiyomost payments».

It is important also, that imperfektnye the last forms (was, were repaired, had) act in atypical for them a role of indexes predshestvovanija. So, komandor was small and sickly before Don Guan it has killed him, and prevratilyosja in a monument - high, courageous, considerable; the dead had suroyovyj spirit while (gauging) pierced with a sword, again, has not died, and Guan and Anna "chiyonilis" - observed the proprieties until efforts of the hero were not "zamecheyony". Such change of values of forms probably thanking organizujushchej to force of the modal score of the text which will involve a time skeleton of the text as a basis for adequate raspredmechivanija senses.

Time in the art text is integrated into the general dejkticheskuju the text organisation. Under dejkticheskoj the text organisation it is understood sootyonoshenie dejkticheskih the co-ordinate centres. This parity also okazyyovaet influence on modal structure semantic stratuma the text. The modal score raspredmechivanija senses of the text can be under construction on a basis preobyoladanija dejkticheskoj "games" of the several co-ordinate centres in povestvovayonii (in work such game is illustrated by the analysis of 3 heads of the novel of O.Haksli «About the marvellous new world»). Maine dejkticheskih plans in the text can ispolzoyovatsja for actualisation of interaction of central senses-modalizatsy in ramyokah expansions of the modal score of the text. Dejktichesky components of the modal score serve formation of such semantic skeleton, kotoyoryj would provide similarity of interpretations at raspredmechivanii sense.

Construction of system of time co-ordinates as component dejkticheskoj the text organisations is considered as means of ordering of relations in the plan of the maintenance with necessary reexpression of the established correlations at sense level. Hence, time and dejkticheskie komyoponenty have the status substantsionalnyh the process bases opredmechiva - nija/raspredmechivanija sense at the account of the co-ordinating status of the modal score of the text. Thus, formation of system time koordiyonat and all dejkticheskoj the text organisations carries out function substantsioyonalnoj frameworks, the bases for construction of the modal score raspredmechiyovanija senses of the art text and consolidation of all semantic stra - tuma such text.

The fourth chapter of the dissertation «the Exit on level of metasenses and ideas within the limits of expansion of the modal score of the text» includes doyopolnitelnoe a substantiation of a role of a modality in the art text and ljuyobom the text where is not only the maintenance, but also sense. The modal mechanism of consolidation of all semantic stratuma the text causes allocation of special parametres "tekstovosti". At system engineering specified parayometrov that in the concept of a modality developed by us prioyoritet in maintenance of unity of the form and the text maintenance is fixed to sense was considered, namely behind the modal semantic score providing inyotensivnoe and productive development by the reader of individual senses curtailed in the text. As a whole, the text is considered in work as is modal reglamentiruyoemoe space of life of sense.

As parametres tekstovosti, in modal aspect of interpretation of this concept, the following is allocated.

1. Reflektivnyj text potential. This parametre specifies on vozyomozhnost correlation reflektivnoj to a reality creating and vosprinimajuyoshchego the text of subjects. It is a question of a generality reflektivnyh installations of the author and the reader at raspredmechivanii the senses curtailed with the help intendiruju - shchih text means. In the given characteristic of the text it is considered dinamiyochesky aspect of occurrence and sense existence in the text. In a course napravyolenija reflexions on the text there is a linkage of human consciousnesses. Wasps -

To such communication the organisation of means tekstopostroenija, opredmechivajushchih senses is new modal partiturnaja. That the author wants that chiyotatel has understood, corresponds definitely that last can (is capable) to understand. A measure of interaction of the specified conditions acts moyodalnost in the text as the mechanism of management as process smyslodvizhenija, sayomorazvitija sense.

2. Strategy of interaction of levels of the maintenance and sense. The set strategy of interaction of levels of the maintenance and sense (opposite, inconsistent, presuppozitivnaja, korreljativnaja) predetermines zakonoyomernosti opredmechivanija senses-modalizatsy in means tekstopostroe - nija. The maintenance thus loses own value without touches with opredmeyochivaemym in substantial communications by sense. However in a configuration soderyozhanie-sense the first element has not less great value, as senses opredmechivajutsja in means tekstopostroenija in connection with the description konkretyonyh situations. substantsionalnuju a framework for expansion of these communications soyostavljaet interaction of aspektualno-time and modal values, and also an establishment of relations between different dejkticheskimi plans in tekyoste.

3. The reference to the maintenance reflektivnoj realities of the addressee. On the foreground there is a valuable nature of the text in the form of use vzaimoyodejstvija various types of an estimation as means of maintenance of connectivity of the text not so much at maintenance level, how many at sense level. It means, that at production in the text opredmechivaetsja representation of the author about valuable reference points of the possible or direct recipient, its interests, neyoobhodimyh background knowledge, etc., that provides effective dialogue, true interpretation of intentions and reception of desirable effects in dialogue.

4. A parity of the semantic instruction and subjective napravljajuyoshchej. The semantic instruction is pawned by separate means teksto - constructions, opredmechivajushchimi sense whereas subjective directing it is expressed in the structural organisation of the score of these means on purpose posleyodujushchego adequate restoration of sense, its understanding. Thus, communication is established not between separate senses and means, and between partiturno the organised senses and the corresponding score of means.

5. Adequacy raspredmechivanija senses of the text. Semantic chains, opredmechennye in complexes tekstoobrazujushchih means, can perestraivatyosja in the course of understanding of the text listening/reading. Adequacy, i.e. neyokotoroe uniformity of all possible interpretations, is provided dej - stvovaniem within the limits of motivational algorithm - the modal score rasyopredmechivanija senses of the text.

6. Interaction of senses inside klastera: vnutriklasternye communications. Structural stability of the text, which doyostigaetsja thanks to conscious szhatosti the created modal score in this case means. It joins only the basic directing senses-modalizatsii. Them "obrastanie" dependent semantic components occurs neposredyo
stvenno in the course of understanding of the text the recipient. It means, that at soyozdanii the text the necessary "bridges" connecting a central element - sense-modalizatsiju - with passive modal senses, vhodjayoshchimi potentially in the same knot are established.

7. Transition to the second level of the organisation semantic stratuma tekyosta: mezhklasternye communications in the modal score. Communicate not only the private subordinated senses inside klasterov. The certain parity is established and between central senses-modalizatsijami, that obespechivayoet transition to higher level of the structural organisation semantic stratuma the text - level of metasenses and ideas as semantic intervals.

Features of realisation of first five parametres were in detail opisayony in three chapters 1 of the dissertation. In the fourth chapter are considered poyoslednie two of the allocated parametres as not received sufficient osveyoshchenija in the previous part of work.

vnutriklasternoe interaction of senses is provided with influence uzyolovogo sense-modalizatsii on the senses subordinated to it between which relations of various types are established. Five basic types of such relations - allocation, tightening, mutual crossing, rasyoshirenie and mutual kauzatsija have been described. The specified communication can be revealed posredyostvom the analysis of relations between complexes of means, opredmechivajushchih vzayoimodejstvujushchie senses in the text. Linkage of sense-modalizatsii with podchiyonyonnymi to it senses occurs through vysvechivanie certain sides of these senses as parties of mastered pithiness, the most significant for given germenevticheskoj situations.

The analysis of five stories of V.V. Veresayev mentioned above full texts, in which interaction between maintenance and sense levels similar obyorazom is organised (on type presuppozitivnoj strategy) in the only thing klastere the modal score (texts of small volume), has allowed to draw following conclusions on essence of considered kinds of relations.

1. At an establishment of the relation of allocation from all sides of everyone podyochinyonnogo sense that which most full reflects vzaimodejyostvie the subordinated sense and sense-modalizatsii is allocated. Each subordinated sense is in a special way modified under the influence of sense - modalizatsii.

2. The tightening relation provides allocation of similar sides at the subordinated senses under the influence of co-ordinating them raspredmechivayonie sense-modalizatsii. As a result highlighted sides unite, "pull together" the subordinated senses.

3. Mutual crossing of the subordinated senses also is based on allocation at them similar sides, but thus senses appear protivopoyostavlennymi. The subordinated senses alternate - the reflexion goes poyoperemenno to each of them. Through mutual change senses act as equal in rights.

4. The expansion relation assumes consecutive deducing of each subordinated sense klastera on which the reflexion addresses, on
Higher level of abstraction, and transition from the individual importance for a personnel of the author, heroes, the reader to global value of isolated conceptual area. Means tekstopostroenija, opredmechivajushchie each of the subordinated senses of the block, repeat such transition (in the text-example - from a lexical antithesis, through a composition to the developed metaphor).

5. The relation mutual kauzatsii assumes mutual motivirovanyonost and certain similarity (for example, use of various kinds poyovtorov) opredmechivajushchih senses of means tekstopostroenija. Thus the sense - modalizatsija not only causes raspredmechivanie semantic units subordinated to it, but also tests on itself their reciprocal influence.

It is supposed, that during the further research the set of possible relations between the subordinated senses can be added. VystraivaYOnie similar "bridges" at understanding of the text promotes realisation obyoedinitelnoj to modality function at microlevel - level private smysyolov, united in klastery the modal score.

The modal score raspredmechivanija senses in art texts also is capable to carry out transition to macrolevel - level vzaiyomodejstvija whole klasterov such score. The specified level is reyozultatom consolidations of the first level during escalating, extension and konfigurirovanija senses. Macrolevel of the organisation semantic stratuma the text provides an exit on II level of the organisation of semantic structure of the text, i.e. formation of metasenses as results of ascending movement kategorizatsii and-or ideas as semantic intervals, obrazuemyh protivopoyostavleniem several semantic lines of the status equal in rights (tab. 3 see). Together metasenses and semantic intervals provide presentation of the general art idea of product. Besides, metasenses and semantic intervals are connected with the general mental bank of the most significant senses of some cultural-language community. Restoration semantic svjayozej the art text plays the important role and in familiarising to kulturnoyomu to riches of the metasenses which are present at ability to live of each nation.

Table 3. A maintenance and sense parity in urovnevoj to structure of the modal score

The maintenance

→ Sense

Sense →

Sense

I level organizayotsii semantic structure of the text Microlevel: interaction inside klasterov the modal score + --- ► + Exit on

II level of the organisation of semantic structure of the text

Macrolevel: interaction between klasterami the modal score - +

As a material of the analysis of the communications arising between klasterami of the modal score at the second level of consolidation, the text poyovesti by L.N.Tolstoy «Ivan Ilicha's Death» was used. The choice is caused high huyodozhestvennym by product potential, and also its possibility rassmotyorenija as case opredmechivanija in the text of senses to which most often addresses not only Tolstoy, but also other great Russian writers - nositeyoli and spokesmen of spirit of Russian nation. Thus in the specified text cultural significant semantic configurations are presented in the clearest organizayotsii as their revealing is possible on the basis of the analysis of the most simple means tekstopostroenija.

The given text, despite lacking various "ornaments", is an example interactions of the most important for the author, Russian culture and all mankind of senses. These senses, really, opredmecheny in opreyodelyonnom a set of means which can be, as a whole, are characterised as "simple", a little monotonous. Basically, it is repetitions various tiyopov. Repetitions, more truly, their mutual configuration, provides presentation of the basic co-operating senses within the limits of the modal score of the text. Such "semantic" repetitions provide not so much thematic (soderzhayotelnoe), how many ideological (semantic) unity of the text. Differently, poyovtory various themes and motives unite round the semantic centres, koyotorye are in interaction with each other. Such centres are klastery the modal score which will organise raspredmechivanie osnovyonyh senses-modalizatsy and some set of the private senses subordinated by it. Besides, interaction klasterov, more truly, their central smys - lov-modalizatsy with each other through escalating, extension and konfiguriyorovanie these private senses and senses-modalizatsy provides peyorehod on higher level of the semantic organisation and consolidation of all semantic stratuma the text. In work the detailed analysis povtoyorov (their kinds and thematic otnesennosti) in connection with opredmechivaeniem smysyolov in their configurations has been carried out.

It is natural, that the theme of death declared already in the name to lead most often repeats. However repetition of this motive, and its interaction with a life theme is interesting not. The author, thus, builds model vzaimoyootnoshenija conceptual areas of a life and death which at the second level of the semantic organisation of the text will act as metasenses. In whole, in the text opposite strategy of the organisation of semantic structure of the text according to which the conclusions formed on the basis of the analysis of substantial communications, are opposite established semantic otnoyoshenijam is used. So, the text most part is made by the description of physical sufferings of Ivan Ilicha which slowly dies of illness which doctors at all in a condition accurately to define. The sensation of the alarm, the hung threat, neizvestyonosti penetrate all narration and are staticized with the help tekstoyovyh means. The name - presence at it death - specifies words on tragedijnost events which the writer is going to describe. podtverzhdayo
et this and further statement of all horrors tormenting and the leader to death of the protagonist of illness. But the ending to lead overturns expectations chitayotelej. It not death as clearing of sufferings of a material world (as in east philosophy), and death and sufferings to understand a true essence of a life as the statement nebestselnosti lives. This sense also otnoyositsja to an extensive field of Russian culture and opredmechivaetsja in works mnoyogih Russian writers.

Uniting during escalating-extension-konfigurirovanija, liyonii modalizatsii form a conclusion at level of the metasemantic organisation of the text that the wrong false life attracts behind itself death, death of spirit, and not just a body. Interaction klasterov the modal score of the text can be characterised from several positions. First, there is an extension and escalating in configured blocks of two cores smys - lov-modalizatsy: « Following to norm "and" branch of from others ». These senses appear that pull together, integrated, protivopostavljayoemymi, dezintegriruemymi. As a result of opposite (antipodnoj) the association tendency wins transformations of the second of these senses. However opposition on it does not come to an end. One more is created fiyonalnyj klaster in which the specified semantic configurations act in new light. As a result, at the second total level of the organisation of semantic structure of the text the metasemantic interval where protivopoyostavljaemymi complexes will be, on the one hand, a false life, rozhdayojushchaja inevitability of death, not only physical, but also spiritual, and the present life predetermining a victory over death is established. The choice is given chitayotelju. Both semantic complexes opredmechivajutsja almost simultaneously: Though a metasemantic complex of "the present life» in the basic volume to lead predyostavlen only in potentialities, persuasive repetition of attributives "correct", "decent", "pleasant", "easy" form necessity otverzhenija described norm of a life and an establishment of other order. Despite clearness of the relation specified by the author in the given metasemantic interval thanks to change of reference points represented aksiologicheskoj estimations, in the text are not present direct instructions on a necessary priority of one of complexes. In the end it is spoken about death disappearance: « The death is terminated, - he has told to itself(himself). - it is not present more ». But Ivan Ilich all the same"has died". To the reader the right to think is given to that would be if the death dejstviyotelno has disappeared and in the real physical world if spiritually people have entirely realised the immortality. Thus, formed on a basis konstruiroyovanija the given metasemantic interval the art idea, remains nepoyosredstvenno not expressed. There is also a variability in it reprezentatsii.

It is necessary to notice, that the statement of the basic results of the spent analysis of the given outstanding text of culture because of limitation of volume of the author's abstract is presented in the compressed kind. The basic have been shined only reyozultaty without the work description on allocation of communications between senses and opredyomechivajushchimi their means. Forward updatings smysloyosoderzhatelnyh communications also in detail are not described. All specified aspekyo
You mezhklasternogo interactions are reflected in the full text of the dissertation. However it is represented, that the modifications of semantic lines considered above feature on the basis of analysis of creation and updating of chains opredmeyochivajushchih their means in the analyzed text allow to generate predyostavlenie about dynamics of interaction of large semantic formations, and also the purpose of such interaction. As a result of an establishment of certain type of mutual relations between whole klasterami the modal score all chastyonye the senses entering in semantic stratum of the text join in complete system for the sake of expression of "uniform" sense of the text as complex of metasenses, semantic intervals and limiting ideas. Thus, organizuja dejatelyonost reflexions according to the modal score raspredmechivanija senses of the text on each of consolidation levels, the reader is capable to understand (with dostayotochnoj adequacy degree), that the author wished to tell to mankind.

In the Conclusion researches are summed up and defined it peryospektivy.

In the dissertation the model of functioning of a modality in the art text has been developed and consistently stated. Thus, byyola possibility of research of a modality as mechanism upravyoljajushchego by process smyslodvizhenija in the text is realised. The specified mechanism operates through formations of motivational algorithm of the modal score rasyopredmechivanija senses of the text. At a reflexion direction on complexes of means, opredmechivajushchih central senses-modalizatsii of such score, process raspredmechivanija the subordinated senses of everyone klastera is co-ordinated. Hence, the modality acts as universal metasredyostvo opredmechivanija senses in the text in them partiturnoj the organisations. Besides, the organisation reflektivnogo dejstvovanija with the text according to the modal score raspredmechivanija its senses provides consolidation of all semantic stratuma the text. It occurs thanks to management vzaimoyodejstviem maintenance and sense levels, to an establishment vnutriklasternyh and mezhklasternyh communications of a various sort in the most semantic stratuma, and also gradual integration, qualitative transformation of senses for vyyohoda on higher level of the semantic organisation. In work it is wide isyopolzovalas a technique of the analysis of modal structure of the art text at the account of interaction of levels of the maintenance and sense under influence moyodalnogo the mechanism of consolidation semantic stratuma the text.

In the dissertation the interaction description moyodalnogo the semantic mechanism with others universal myslitelnoyojazykovymi categories and the processes participating in opredmechivanii of senses in the art text - metaforizatsiej, conceptual fields of time and dejksisa, otsenochnosti, area predstavlennosti affective reactions in language also has been undertaken. The carried out research has allowed to prove the global co-ordinating status of a modality in language and the text.

Prospects. A problem of revealing of laws of functioning and ways of the organisation of a conceptual basis of a modality in language and the text
It is extremely difficult, and demands consideration rather a wide range of questions. It is necessary to include modality studying in number of such questions in aspect of its communication with eksplikativnostju/implikativnostju as tekstoobrazujushchimi dejayotelnostjami (see: [Oborina 1993]); influence pragmatists speech vzaimodejyostvija on realisation of strategy of interaction of the maintenance and sense within the limits of the modal score; possibilities of use of the mixed strategy oryoganizatsii relations between maintenance and sense levels; a measure vosproizyovedenija modal reference points and the semantic elements subordinated by it in peyorevodnom the text; a text type parity in germenevticheskoj interpretations (orientirovannost on understanding type) and features designed moyodalnoj scores.

Priority it is possible to consider the further working out following proyoblemnyh blocks: 1) the description of possible transformations semantic stratuma the text in its modal organisation while translating. 2) updating of the modal mechanism of consolidation semantic stratuma the text in various types tekyostov, literary genres, discourses; 3) revealing and the communication description modalyonogo the semantic mechanism with other language mechanisms of optimisation and an understanding and reflexion intensification. 4) working out practically orientiyorovannyh techniques of training to understanding by means of the analysis of semantic structure of the text (within the limits of literature and language teaching at school and high school).

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A source: ILYINA Elena Valerevna. the MODALITY AS the MECHANISM of CONSOLIDATION SEMANTIC STRATUMA the ART TEXT. The dissertation AUTHOR'S ABSTRACT on competition of a scientific degree of the Doctor of Philology. Tver - 2014. 2014

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