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THE CONCLUSION

In the present research it was put aim to analyse blackmail as a destructive phenomenon of interpersonal communications and to reveal features of its realisation in daily household dialogue.

In chapter 1 the problem of search of possible scientific approaches to studying of a phenomenon of blackmail and modelling of own research position, a technique of studying of the phenomenon interesting us dared.

It is established, that from a position of the taktiko-strategic approach (in frameworks argumentativnogo a discourse) blackmail appears as one of variants of emotionally-estimated strategy of influence as a result of which realisation the object is compelled to choose between two negative scenarios: between an embodiment of threat or submission to the blackmailer. Strategy of pressure of the sender on the addressee that causes conflict situation occurrence in which the dominating role is played by the sender is simultaneously realised also.

The Pragmalingvistichesky approach to blackmail research has allowed to establish, that blackmail possesses signs of a speech genre which can be described by means of the passport of a speech genre. Blackmail as a speech genre is identified thanks to an obligatory component - the threat acting in a role of a subgenre. Blackmail and threat are in rodoyovidovyh (giponimo-giperonimicheskih) relations. It is thus established, that blackmail in an obligatory order includes threat, but not any threat is blackmail.

The Pragmalingvistichesky approach to the blackmail analysis in research is detailed thanking its consideration from a position of a communicative category of the power. As at the heart of blackmail threat lays, the conclusion is drawn, that blackmail is one of variants of display of the communicative power. The blackmailer, irrespective of statusno-role relations with the partner
On communications, appropriates the right to dispose of its communicative actions: to impose certain type of communicative behaviour, forcing it to certain actions. The sender, having speech influence and choosing a variant of development of communications favourable to, resorts to use of corresponding verbal and nonverbal means of expression of the communicative power. Diskursivnymi as power markers in a communicative situation of blackmail act directive, aggressive, invektivnye speech certificates (threat, the order, an interdiction, the insult, etc.).

Invariable use of threat, negative influence on emotional sphere the addressee (intimidation), have allowed to qualify blackmail as a phenomenon of not harmless communications. Unequivocally negative emotional intentsija the sender acts as a motivational basis of destructive behaviour of the blackmailer.

Problems to analyse spheres of actualisation of a studied phenomenon, and also to define a substantial minimum of concept "blackmail", characteristic for an is naive-household picture of the world, and to describe differential signs of the blackmail realised in situations of daily communications, dared in the second chapter of research.

As a result of the decision of the given problems it is established, that blackmail, having arisen initially in legal sphere, today is a widespread phenomenon of daily interpersonal communications.

Blackmail has not passed from one sphere in another, and has expanded the area of dwelling and now regularly meets in political, economic and massmedijnoj the spheres, thus that fact is essential, that massmedijnyj the discourse mediates various spheres of actualisation of the given phenomenon.

Gradually passing from sphere of narrowly legal use, the given concept expands the volume and corresponds with household sphere
Communications. Originally including only two basic signs: the concrete requirement and threat presence, concept "blackmail" passes on a way determinologizatsii and takes roots in consciousness of native speakers of Russian as a phenomenon, assotsiiruemyj with daily interpersonal communications. The spent experimental research has allowed to draw a conclusion, that now in Russian-speaking is naive-household consciousness blackmail appears as a version (manipuljativnogo) the psychoemotional influence directed on the addressee for the purpose of reception of personal benefit (material or psychological) by means of threat.

The third chapter has been devoted the blackmail description as the speech genre realised in daily interpersonal communications. For the decision put in this part of research of problems have been analysed: sobytijnoe the maintenance of a phenomenon of blackmail; communicative behaviour of participants of situations of blackmail - the sender and the addressee.

As a result of the blackmail description as speech genre has allowed to allocate accurately enough differentiated signs and to simulate invariant representation about blackmail, to differentiate the given phenomenon and closely related.

The analysis of communicative situations of blackmail has led to following conclusions.

First, the communicative purpose of blackmail always is accurately decoded by the addressee, has a verbal embodiment and consists in achievement of personal benefit by the sender (material or psychological).

Secondly, in a daily-household discourse for blackmail occurrence presence certain communicative the past, that is some events, before taking place and acting in a role of original stimulus for blackmail is obligatory. Presence of that is found out
Or other degree of acquaintance of the sender of blackmail with the addressee though acquaintance correspondence and unilateral in some cases is admissible.

The threat subgenre, always being present at a blackmail genre, represents sobytijnoe the maintenance of the given phenomenon. Actual for blackmail following kinds of threat act: compromising evidence disclosure, the promise to do material or physical harm to the addressee or its relatives, the promise of the blackmailer to harm to itself.

The analysis of communicative behaviour of the sender and the addressee of blackmail has allowed to allocate the basic models of behaviour of participants of the given communicative situation.

The blackmailer as the destructive communicative person can prove in two cores ipostasjah: the blackmailer-dictator and the blackmailer-manipulator. The first the type (blackmailer-dictator) chooses mainly direct tactics of influence for achievement of own purpose (direct threats, ultimatums, requirements), is categorical and directive in relation to the addressee, shows high enough level of an emotionality, in its communicative behaviour invectives, use of insults and the lowered lexicon are found out. The Blackmailer-manipulator, on the contrary, appears at the addressee or observers of blackmail is underlined by the polite communicative person, and achieves influence wished by means of indirect tactics, in particular, distortion of the information, an identification of the addressee with negatively estimated social group programming nominations, the unsubstantiated statement etc.

The communicative behaviour of the addressee of blackmail is jet and is caused by the chosen strategy of behaviour. The addressee of blackmail in the communicative behaviour uses one of three strategy: rivalry, avoiding or the adaptation. Thus, as has shown the analysis of an illustrative material, the most frequency way of reaction
Adaptation strategy is, there is a rivalry strategy much less often, avoiding strategy is presented by individual examples. Rivalry strategy is active type of communicative behaviour and is realised by means of tactics of speech aggression and tactics of a communicative bluff. The strategy of avoiding realised at the expense of tactics of communicative sabotage, and also the strategy of the adaptation including mitigativnye tactics and tactics of the communicative consent, are passive type of communicative behaviour of the addressee of blackmail.

In the present work blackmail is considered as a phenomenon of destructive communications and features of its realisation in interpersonal household dialogue are revealed. The carried out research allows to add diskursivnuju a paradigm of researches, in particular, devoted to destructive communications and also to bring the contribution to the theory of speech genres.

As possible prospect of the further studying of the phenomenon of blackmail it is possible to specify in rather-comparative researches, revealings of universal and national-specific features of an analyzed phenomenon.

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A source: Nikodimova Anna Dmitrievna. BLACKMAIL AS the PHENOMENON of DESTRUCTIVE COMMUNICATIONS. The dissertation on competition of an academic status of a Cand.Phil.Sci. Volgograd - 2018. 2018

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