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4.3.3.1. To a classification problem faticheskih speech genres

The analysis of speech means of expression faticheskoj language functions is usually spent on following positions: 1) an establishment of speech contact / attraction of attention of the interlocutor; "poglazhivanija", flattery, praises, liking expression, etc.; remarks on external signs of a situation; speech etiquette; 2) podderzhivanie speech contact in the course of dialogue (check of stability of a communication channel; contact signals of the addressee and the sender; use of elements of tactics of speech behaviour – accessory underlining to one socially significant for both kommunikantov to group; praises, approval, etc.; self-abasement in favour of the interlocutor; politematichnost; "zero" reaction to irony, insult; aspiration to impress favourably on the interlocutor original phraseology, literary associations, erudition; podderzhivanie a style manner of the speech partner; the reference to authoritative opinion for the purpose of trust strengthening to the informed information, etc.) ; 3) disconnection of speech contact [Kozlovsky 1993: 11].

Speech genres on a phase of prolongation of contact often realise

Promoting strategy of a pedagogical discourse (V.I.Karasik). This strategy is carried out in the communicatively-compensating statements used for filling of pauses in dialogue. L.A.Aznabaeva names following reasons of occurrence of the communicative lacunas compensated faticheskimi by statements: 1) an uncooperative altitude of one of kommunikantov to statements of the interlocutor; 2) aspiration to avoid conversation on an undesirable theme; 3) confusion kommunikanta, caused by unforeseen incident; 4) desire to delay conversation on an undesirable theme; 5) change of relations kommunikantov, reflected in transition from interpersonal relations to the conventional. In similar cases silence would create feeling of confusion, etiquette infringement, would threaten either improvement, or deterioration of the status of one of interlocutors [Aznabaeva 1989: 9]. Communicatively-compensating statements often have the form of the remarks-remarks having the generalised addressee. It can be, for example, the aphoristic statements softening reproach and encouraging the addressee: it should know – it is a shame not to study.

V.V. Dementyev allocates five types faticheskih speech genres (FRZH): 1) prazdnorechevye genres, or small talk: interpersonal relations do not improve and do not worsen, and remain; 2) FRZH, worsening interpersonal relations in the direct form: direct charges, insults, finding-out of relations, quarrels; 3) FRZH, improving interpersonal relations in the direct form: benevolent informal conversations, recognitions, compliments, confessions/sermons, etc.; 4) FRZH, worsening relations in the latent, indirect form – for example that responsibility laid on the partner; some kinds of irony, jeer, draw here concern; 5) FRZH, improving otnshenija in the indirect form: a joke, flirtation [Dementyev 1999: 43].

Proceeding from the above-stated we can construct the following classification faticheskih genres of an uchebno-pedagogical discourse.

Etiketnye (ritual) The directive The estimated
The purpose – to carry out one of the actions provided by rituals of the given society. The purpose – to influence realisation of real events. The purpose – to state an estimation
Greeting, farewell, the reference,

Gratitude, apology, congratulation, wish, etc.

Interdiction, the announcement, the offer, caution, the invitation, the request, the permission, the order, council, refusal and so forth Compliment, approval, praise, censure, etc.

So, faticheskie genres covers ritual, directive both estimated and statements of participants UPD. «Really, to induce interlocutor (to some persistence) something to make, especially in the form of the imperative statement, at least, is impolite, as can limit its freedom in choosing something to do or not to do. For this purpose at speaking there is an arsenal of the means creating etiketnuju a framework of dialogue in the form of demonstration of politeness. Etiketnoj the framework surrounds compulsions, refusals, disagreement, objection, etc.« adverse »speech actions in which illokutivnaja the purpose competes to the social.» [Formanovsky 2002: 194].

The first group of genres represents reaction to event, unlike genres-events (metakommunikativov); they assume reaction to event with perfect prospect, unlike directive genres of speech (the request, the invitation, etc.); are embodied by verbs performativami. The second group of genres includes the statements reflecting will of the teacher and prompting of schoolboys to action. For them the prospect is characteristic futuralnaja. The purpose of estimated genres – to change state of health of participants of dialogue, correlating their acts, qualities and all other demonstrations with the scale of values accepted in a given society. Thus, faticheskih genres of an uchebno-pedagogical discourse we include all genres in structure, organizujushchie interpersonal interaction of the teacher and schoolboys within communicative event (educational employment).

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A source: Gabidullina Alla Rashatovna. TRAINING AND PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE: CATEGORIAL STRUCTURE AND GENRE PERSONALITY. Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philology. Donetsk 2009. 2009

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