<<
>>

§ 3.4. Hypertext function of a capital letter

Not standard capital letter began to be used actively at official registration of papers. However it nenormativna only partly, as, unlike other spheres of an existing, occurrence of the big letter in the official
Business written speech it is regulated by standard documents among which the cores are:

1.

GOST R 6. «State standard Russian

Federations. The unified systems of the documentation. The unified system of the organizational-administrative documentation. Requirements to official registration of papers »(it is accepted and installed by the decision of Gosstandart of the Russian Federation from March, 3rd, 2003 №65-st) [http].

The standard since July, 1st, 2018 is not applied: it has replaced GOST R 7. The comparative analysis of recommendations of the above-named standards has shown, that essential changes in the use of capital letters in office-work will not be in the near future (Kochalina E.A. 2017).

2. GOST R 7. «The national standard Russian

Federations. System of standards under the information, library and to publishing. The Organizational-administrative documentation. Requirements to official registration of papers »(it is confirmed by Order Rosstandarta from 08.12.2016 №2004-st) [http].

3. «The typical instruction on office-work in federal enforcement authorities» (it is confirmed by Order Rosarhiva from 27.11.2000 № 68) [http].

4. «Methodical recommendations about working out of instructions about office-work in federal enforcement authorities» (are confirmed by Order Rosarhiva from 23.12.2009 № 76) [http].

Having analysed the maintenance and registration of standards, the typical instruction and methodical recommendations, having studied structure of the examples included in them, we have found out, that for today the whole groups of lexicon with which in officially-business written speech it is necessary to allocate with all capital letters were generated:

1) the name of authorities, the organisations, establishments and their structural divisions - authors of documents, for example:

The resulted documents are prepared by the Government of the Russian Federation and Branch training centre. Last is structural division of the All-Russia scientific research institute dokumentovedenija and archival business which in turn submits Rosarhivu. Despite higher position of the organisations in power structure, in names of two higher organisations the capital letter marks only the first word and a part proper names. Means, we deal not with hierarchical function of a capital letter (where the quantity of capital letters depends on the authority or organisation status), and with any another;

2) it is necessary to allocate with capital letters the first word (word-combination) of heading of the text, designating name of a kind of the document, for example: the FEDERAL CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, the EXPLANATORY NOTE, the ORDER, the REPORT,

POSITION and others, for example:

3) structural elements of documents - words a part, section, and also headings of parts, sections, subsections, heads of acts, for example:

127

4) the post name - the author of the document on the form of the official, for example:

5) a short participle it is confirmed also its forms (ARE confirmed, confirmed, confirmed) in a signature stamp of the statement and on appendices to the documents containing in the text the formulation to "Confirm" [Order Rosarhiva N 76], for example:

128

6) the short participle is co-ordinated in a coordination signature stamp:

7) a phrase «the DOCUMENT is signed by the DIGITAL SIGNATURE» in a requisite «the Mark about elektronnojpodpisi», for example:

8) surnames of the citizens presented to the state awards

(At orders or decrees of the head of the state), for example:

«For merits in development of agriculture and a long-term honest work to award:

FRIENDSHIP AWARD

NURULLINA Ruzilja Vagizovicha - the tractor operator of a society with limited liability "Sjun", Ilishevsky area of Republic Bashkortostan »[the Decree of the President №171 from April, 04th 2015].

GOST R 7. «The national standard of the Russian Federation. System of standards under the information, library and to publishing. The Organizational-administrative documentation. Requirements to official registration of papers» [http] are specified by a special case of the use of a capital letter in the word beginning: at the reference on a post it is necessary to write the post name from the big letter, for example, Dear Mr. the Director! In this case the capital letter carries out etiketnuju function (research item 3.3).

Analyzing documents of the various organisations which are carrying out
Commercial and noncommercial activity, it is possible to notice, that in the use of the big letter of the organisation as a whole are guided by recommendations of the standard editions establishing rules of documenting of the information. However in office-work of the concrete enterprise authors of documents feel requirement for increase in quantity of capital letters. In practice the list of words which are allocated with an initial capital letter or all capital letters, has appeared more widely, it have filled up:

1) names of documents:

According to rules of office-work by capital letters the word POSITION as a requisite designating a kind of the document should be written only:

It is necessary to notice, that after we have issued document heading according to recommendations of standard documents, the text became legible;

2) the conditional own: «In a case if in malfunctions

The equipment or the software the Subscriber is guilty, their elimination is made by the Operator for an additional payment, agrees

To the price-list »- in the public offer about the conclusion of the contract on rendering of a telecommunication service;« the Contractor keeps the right to present to the Engineer and the Customer the further detailed descriptions and requirements concerning all expenses and the expenses suffered by the Contractor - in business correspondence;

3) short duplicating nominations in trafaretnyh documents, i.e. documents with in advance printed text with the unified constant information and admissions for filling with the variable information which characterises the concrete situation reflected by the given document [Office-work 2001: 39], for example: are paid

The percent called further of the Party, installation of the Advertising design, Architectural supervision carrying out, Equipment operation, according to System of sanctions and penalties, possibility of fulfilment of Transfers, instructions for use the CREDIT, according to the established TARIFF.

Ways of introduction and registration of short duplicating nominations are not regulated by standard documents in this connection demand special explanatories.

For example, section 1 of the credit contract of bank VTB 24 carries the name of "DEFINITION" and opens sense of concepts within the limits of the document. We read: "Contract" means the present credit contract. Further in the text we any more do not meet the full name of the document «the Credit contract №», and we see only a short nomination - an alarm word the Contract,

Written from a capital letter, for example: the Borrower carries out return of the Credit and pays Percent in an order established by the present Contract. Maintenance of execution of obligations under the present Contract is . The creditor after signing of the present Contract opens the Loan account. On conditions of the above-stated Contract of insurance in each concrete date of period of validity of the present Contract there should not be less Rest of loan debts under the present Contract Etc.

In the resulted examples there was a significant amount of words and the word-combinations allocated with a capital letter: the Credit, Percent, the Loan account, the insurance Contract, the Rest of loan debts, etc. Each of them is a short duplicating nomination of components of the conceptual device of the contract. The credit - the sum of the money resources given by bank, Percent - the sum for using the credit, the Loan account - the account in which the rest of the sum which are subject to return is reflected, the insurance Contract - the contract concluded with the insurance company for the period of action of the credit contract, the Rest of loan debts - the rest of the sum of the credit. In the given document in most cases the capital letter sends the reader to the toolkit of the contract resulted in section 1.

In the first point of the public offer of scientific magazine "Globus" short duplicating nominations of the basic concepts of the agreement also are defined: Product - a text material (article, the review etc.), directed by the Customer (Customers in a case if authors (legal owners) a little) to the Executor for the publication; the Edition - electronic or printing release of magazine. In the text these concepts are not defined any more, for example, «the Executor undertakes to render to the Customer of service in Product publication on the Edition, and the Customer undertakes to pay services as it should be and on the conditions provided by the present contract», sending the reader by means of a capital letter to section «CONCEPTS And the DEFINITIONS USED In the CONTRACT».

In the credit contract of Savings bank composers are used also by short nominations, but in this case a capital letter becomes a signal to returning to a certain part of the document. For example, a subject of the hypothecary contract is the apartment to the address: the city of Torzhok, street Krasnoarmejsky, the house 1, apartment 1. The contract subject is written completely unique time, then specification (further OBJECT of the REAL ESTATE) is made. For account service sozayomshchiki
Pay to bank a lump sum which in the document is called further as the TARIFF: «credit Delivery is made at a time after payment SOZAEMSHCHIKAMI of the TARIFF».

So, in credit contract ВТБ24 and the contract on publication placing in magazine "Globus" the capital letter sends to document section in which definitions are given, in the hypothecary contract of Savings bank - to a certain part of the document in which for the first time there was a nomination. Besides, the signal, that before us a duplicating word, can be submitted by two ways: 1) the capital it is allocated the first letter of a word the Percent called further of the Party, for example, are paid; 2) the big letters write all word, for example, instructions for use by the CREDIT.

Thus, in trafaretnyh the documents intended for repeated use, the capital letter or all capital letters allocate short duplicating nominations and conditional own (about what we already wrote in point 3.3.). Capital letters in the named cases urged to unify the document and to save an operating time with the documentary information. For example, in the contract on rendering of paid educational services the surname, a name and a patronymic trained is underlined once - in a document preamble, after a proper name is specified (further - the Listener). By the same principle instead of an educational institution full name the College is used nominal.

In business correspondence short duplicating nominations can not be explained at all, for example: «the Actual list of the Factor cost on

To the executed works shows a total sum of 1 million rbl. "," the Engineer has given up in the coordination of the specified sum since the Executive documentation »has not been given. Most likely, terms the Factor cost, the Executive documentation have been defined in the contract on carrying out of civil work and consequently are clear to both parties.

In the book «Legal secrets of advertising activity» [2013] lawyer R.D.Zorkoltsev shares the opinion about obremenenii documents conditional own and the terms written from a capital letter. Their introduction in the text of contracts and contracts is represented to the author superfluous as the document becomes bulky and difficult for perception.

In our opinion, the short nominations, which inclusion in the conceptual device of the contract was not necessary, really meet, but it is rare. For example, the Phone number and the Working day in the contract on service through services of known payment system.

The concept is entered the Working day into the document only for definition of other concept - Operational day. Thus, explaining, that in the contract is meant the working day, the author of the document reproduces obshcherasprostranyonnoe value: «the calendar day which is not the day off (Saturday, Sunday) or a celebratory day off according to the labour legislation of the Russian Federation».

Obshcherasprostranyonnoe value is staticized and at a short duplicating nomination the Phone number - number of mobile (cellular) phone of the Client, specified by the Client at the Contract conclusion.

However generally capital letter occurrence in hypertext function it is quite pertinent, that we and will prove more low.

In our opinion, the capital letter transforms the document into the hypertext, i.e. in system of separate texts, or «the subsystems possessing cross subordinatsionnymi communications and accessible coordination» [Rudnev 1997: 69]. Really, the capital letter expands borders of work with the document in comparison with linear reading: allocation of structural elements allows to choose sequence of reading and quickly to find interesting parts of the document. The cases described by us, when a capital letter in short nominations and conditional own, marked by the first capital letter or completely written
The big letters, signals about communication of allocated concept with other part of the document or with other concept, also do not contradict hypertext definition.

Therefore in document circulation we call capital letter function by the hypertext. We will notice, that the given function of a capital letter is described for the first time in the present research.

Here it is necessary to make deviation and to explain, that filling of passports, visas and identification cards only capital letters - a measure compelled and in no way not connected with hypertext function of a sign.

In 2011 change which concerned registrations of data on the person of the owner of the passport has been made to the Governmental order of the Russian Federation from July, 08th 1997 № 828 «About the Position statement about the passport of the citizen of the Russian Federation, the sample of the form and the description of the passport of the citizen of the Russian Federation» [http]. Now the surname, a name, a patronymic, a floor of the citizen, and also the information on the division which has given out the document, should be machine-readable, otherwise, printed with capital letters. Capital letters in the passport form print also the name of the state which have given out the passports, type of the document and citizenship of the owner.

Filling of documents with capital letters corresponds to the international communicative format of granting of documents.

Use of one register is caused by that at the automated processing of documents difference of letters on the size considerably complicates text recognition.

In this connection in 2017 to Council about German spelling which structure includes the main linguistic communities of Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Belgium, Austria, Liechtenstein, it was necessary to enter into the German alphabet the new letter - ß capital. On an innovation have informed
Authoritative German printing mass-media [Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, on June, 29th 2017; SPIGEL ONLINE, on June, 29th 2017; Süddeutsche Zeitung, on June, 20th 2017].

Before requirement for existence of capital letter ß was not, as "estset" never costs in the word beginning. For the words written by all capital letters, the replacement rule operated: «Bei Schreibung mit Großbuchstaben schreibt man SS, zum Beispiel: Straße - STRASSE» [Regeln und Worterverzeichnis: 29] («At a writing from a capital letter write SS, for example Straße-STRASSE»). But at official registration of papers similar replacement is incorrect and generates problems with identification of the person, compare: Großmann and GROSSMAN. After introduction of a new rule the surname in the passport will be written as GROßMANN.

It is necessary to notice, that the destiny of the letter "estset" disturbs for a long time German linguists as last reform of spelling has limited use ß [Gallmann http; Ickler http], and globalisation processes can lead to its loss.

<< | >>
A source: VASILEVA MARGARITA IGOREVNA. NEW FUNCTIONS of the CAPITAL LETTER In MODERN RUSSIAN. The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of a Cand.Phil.Sci. Tver - 2018. 2018

More on topic § 3.4. Hypertext function of a capital letter:

  1. § 3.3. Etiketnaja capital letter function
  2. § 3.2. Emotivnaja capital letter function
  3. realisation of hierarchical function of a capital letter till 1991
  4. § 2.1. Hierarchical function of a capital letter
  5. § 2.2. Psychological function of a capital letter
  6. realisation of hierarchical function of a capital letter in linguistic directories of 2000 years
  7. 2.1.4. Realisation of hierarchical function of a capital letter in lingvo-legal directories
  8. 2.2. Guarantee function of the charter capital of joint-stock company
  9. 2.1. Function of creation of a seed capital of joint-stock company
  10. Text aspect Job Application / Cover Letter and the covering letter