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WAYS OF OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS AND INCREASE OF RELIABILITY OF DOME COATINGS

The problem of optimisation of a triangular geometrical network on sphere by criterion of a minimum of a material of supporters was already put by many authors [2, 44, 65, 68, 90, 94, 118, 122, 127, 141, 173,183,184.

186, 190-192 etc.].

In A.N.Raevsky and L.A.Raevsky's work use of methods of mathematical programming is considered at a choice of criterion function and drawing up of conditions of a problem of optimisation of spatial frame systems with
The account of requirements of real designing [15,120]. As Criterion function expression for volume (mass) of a material of a design serves.

It is necessary to allocate Moleva I.V. and Molevoj R. I's works based on results of numerical research of law of change of mass setyochatyh domes [120, 121]. As criterion function by authors function of mass of a mesh dome, as restrictions - durability and rigidness conditions is accepted. For the decision of a problem of optimisation authors used iteyoratsionnyj a method in which basis straight calculation of a design and poyoluchenie information on a system condition lays that allows to execute korrekyotsiju all file of required parametres - the areas of all elements.

I.V.Molevym it is established, that in mesh domes of all types uveliyochenie span causes nonlinear increase in their mass. Nonlinear hayorakter this dependence it is caused by influence of constructive factor and restrictions on is minimum possible area of cut of elements and limiting flexibility. Analytical dependence of mass of designs of a dome on size of span which is presented in a sort is received

Where go ~ an indicator of mass of a dome span i0, g span l;

The k-factor considering nonlinearity of change of mass of designs at change of size of span.

On the basis of multiple calculations the parametres influencing size of factor k at domes of a various type are revealed, and received it koyolichestvennye values. The researches executed in work have shown, that optimum value of a boom of ascending gradient depends on many factors: span, loading, quantity of elements and cost of non-load-bearing roof structures. Nevertheless, the general tendency is that: the increase in span and loading causes increase in value of an optimum boom of ascending gradient. It is established also, that the quantity of elements of a rod mesh dome essentially influences mass characteristics. An indicator of mass of a dome in

Dependences on the specified parametres changes in a wide range, and value gоптимального a variant can differ from the worst several times.

And. V.Molevym considers also laws of change of mass at change of sizes constant and time (snow and wind) loadings. At change of loading the mass indicator changes most intensively at flat domes. For each value of a boom of ascending gradient the following is characteristic: change of mass of system with loading change occurs at domes to a considerable quantity of circles and smaller value of number of the parties more intensively. The analysis of the received results shows, that dependence mass - loading can be accepted the linear.

It is necessary to note also Gajdarova J.V., Zotovoj N.G., Kozminoj V.

K's devoted to a choice of optimum height of mesh domes and the arches the works, and also three-layer envelopments of rotation [42, 43]. In these works as criterion function cost of designs, and restrictions — durability conditions is. As the varied parametre the ascending gradient boom is accepted.

In P.M.Varvaka's works, Ampere-second. Dehtjarja, L.B.Kotovoj, H. P.Uzakova rasyosmatrivajutsja coatings in the form of metal domes [67, 68,70, 99-101]. For these designs as criterion function the mass of designs is selected.

The problem of optimisation of a triangular geometrical network on sphere by criterion of a minimum of standard sizes of elements also was already put by many authors of various systems spherical razrezki [2, 44, 65, 68, 90, 94, 122, 127, 141, 154,162]. In all cases of decisions was one or several schemes razrezok spheres with use, basically, symmetry axes in the form of the main lines (lines of the big circles of sphere), lines of parallel sectional views of sphere, and also compatibility of parts of sides of correct polyhedrons. So Mirjaev B. V and a number of scientists Penza arhitekturnoyostroitelnogo university have offered iterative optimisation of schemes of the mesh domes formed on a basis ikosaedra [117,118].

Theorems with proofs of an optimum arrangement of spherical quadrilaterals are offered in Old Indian treatises. The spherical hexagon entered in a circle, it is possible to present as two quadrilaterals with the set parties and it has the maximum area when is entered in a circle. The given direction actively develops a number of foreign scientists, and in Russia Novosibirsk school [2,199, 200].

About an optimum arrangement of hexagons. Entered in circles on a convex surface, proceeding from criterion of the minimum lengths of elements, speak statements and proofs of the Hungarian scientist - doctor F.Tota. In the work it results variants of optimum filling of surfaces circles [2, 190, 200].

Optimisation of dome designs was considered in the known directory «Modern spatial designs» [162]. The author of section E.Z.Zhukovsky accepts the resulted expenses as criterion function. Analytical approximation of criterion functions gives the chance to define a minimum of one-parametrical functions by methods of classical mathematics. Imposing thus restrictions on a deformation property konstyoruktsii, the author solves conditionally extreme problem of a finding optiyomalnyh values of criterion functions and operated parametres proceeding from conditions of durability and a construction deformation property.

On the basis of the analysis of settlement schemes of mesh domes V.A.Savelyev [154, 155] executes charts of equilibrium conditions at various combinations of non-uniformity zagruzhenija knots and initial imperfections of the form. The secondary points connected with spasmodic change of character of a warping and, by occurrence kososimmetrichnyh forms of loss of stability are revealed. [155] statement resulted in work.С.Вольмира that by creation of artificial initial deflexions of knots from the ideal spherical form in a direction corresponding has been confirmed
To prospective bulging or opposite, the essential increase in critical loadings can be reached. The technique, allowing to make check of stability of sharnirno-rod envelopments with the account, both initial deflexions of knots, and deflections of rods is offered. The main feature of behaviour of the compressed rod systems at the big movings is ambiguity of decisions. At two degrees of freedom and one varied parametre of moving occurrence possibility simultaneously three forms of equilibrium conditions is established. It is noticed, that at transition to the settlement scheme of a real design and increase in quantity of independent parametres in tens and hundreds times the analysis of forms of balance of systems considerably becomes complicated.

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A source: Antoshkin Vasily Dmitrievich. is constructive-TECHNOLOGICAL DECISIONS of PRECAST SPHERICAL SHELLS. The dissertation on competition of a scientific degree of a Dr.Sci.Tech. Saransk - 2017. 2017

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